Grade 5 Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific inquiry connects a question to evidence gathered from observations and measurements.
• Distinguish between evidence-based explanations and personal beliefs.
• Use inquiry ideas (patterns, fairness, and revision) to evaluate or improve an explanation.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how the particle model describes matter as made of tiny particles with spaces between them.
• Relate particle arrangement and motion to the observable properties of solids, liquids, and gases.
• Use diffusion, dissolving, and thermal expansion to describe how particle spacing and kinetic energy change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe the stages of an animal life cycle from birth or hatching to adulthood
• Explain how juvenile stages and adult stages can have different needs and risks
• Identify examples of metamorphosis and describe how body structures and diets change+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how iterative testing and controlled trials help improve a design.
• Identify common failure modes and use test data to decide what to change next.
• Apply trade-off reasoning to balance competing criteria such as cost, durability, and performance.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how the length and direction of a shadow change due to the Sun’s position in the sky and Earth’s motion.
• Use shadow measurements to describe patterns across days and interpret simple graph results.
• Apply observational evidence to make predictions about future shadow behavior.

Learning Objectives

• Explain what criteria for success are and why they matter in science investigations and engineering design
• Identify measurable or observable targets that could be used to judge whether a solution works
• Use evidence and results to compare improvements against the same criteria over multiple trials

Learning Objectives

• Explain what a design problem is by identifying the need, the goal, and the limits of a design
• Use evidence and measurable outcomes to describe how engineering designs are improved
• Distinguish between a broad idea and a clear problem statement with constraints

Learning Objectives

• Explain how communities use scientific information to reduce resource depletion and environmental harm.
• Compare how household, agricultural, and industrial actions affect soil, water, and air quality.
• Evaluate conservation and resource stewardship approaches such as land management, pollution reduction, and efficient resource use.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how sunlight becomes chemical energy stored in plants and transferred to animals through food.
• Describe how energy moves through a food chain using the ideas of producers, consumers, and energy transfers.
• Use evidence from simple food-chain examples to distinguish between sources of energy and forms of matter involved in eating.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how water moves between reservoirs (oceans, lakes, groundwater, and the atmosphere) using the water cycle.
• Describe how runoff and infiltration affect where water is stored and how long it remains available.
• Predict how water pathways can return groundwater to surface streams and rivers over time.

Learning Objectives

• Identify physical changes by recognizing that the substance’s matter is still the same but its form or state changes.
• Use clues such as particle rearrangement and conservation of weight to distinguish physical changes from evidence of new substances.
• Describe how temperature, melting/freezing, and dissolving can cause changes in appearance without changing what the matter is.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how photosynthesis and respiration move carbon between living things and the atmosphere
• Describe how plants, animals, and decomposers exchange gases to support life processes
• Use evidence from simple diagrams and statements to distinguish between photosynthesis and respiration

Learning Objectives

• Explain how decomposers break down dead organisms and waste into simpler materials in the environment.
• Describe how nutrient recycling supports plant growth and connects living generations through matter movement.
• Use evidence from a text to identify main ideas about decomposition and recycling.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy transfers through different media such as light, sound, heat, and electrical circuits
• Identify the source, transfer route, and destination of energy in everyday scenarios
• Compare energy transfer mechanisms to show that energy changes location and form without disappearing

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s rotation on its axis causes the daily cycle of day and night.
• Describe how Earth’s rotation changes the Sun’s apparent position in the sky over the course of a day.
• Use evidence from shadows and sunlight to predict what time of day it is.

Learning Objectives

• Explain that heat is thermal energy moving from warmer objects to cooler objects
• Identify evidence of heat transfer from temperature changes and changes in how objects feel or look
• Describe heat transfer through direct contact and without direct touching (radiating through space)

Learning Objectives

• Explain how matter moves among producers, consumers, decomposers, and abiotic reservoirs in an ecosystem.
• Describe how carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, and nutrients are exchanged through life processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.
• Use simple models to represent how organisms depend on environmental matter and return matter to the environment.

Learning Objectives

• Explain what constraints are and how they limit possible designs
• Identify examples of constraints such as time, cost, materials, safety rules, and size
• Describe tradeoffs and how improving one goal can reduce another+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how producers, consumers, and decomposers move matter through a terrestrial ecosystem
• Describe how carbon and nutrients cycle as organisms grow, eat, and decompose
• Use evidence from an ecosystem example to trace the path of matter from soil to living things and back

Learning Objectives

• Identify physical properties of materials such as color, texture, hardness, flexibility, density, and conductivity.
• Use observable evidence to classify materials and explain why they are used for specific purposes.
• Compare properties of different materials to predict how they will behave in everyday situations.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the hierarchy of reduce, reuse, and recycle and describe how each choice conserves resources.
• Identify how recycling systems and household actions (like composting and repairing) support material reuse and waste reduction.
• Distinguish closed-loop recycling from downcycling and describe how policies such as deposit-return and extended producer responsibility can improve resource recovery.

Learning Objectives

• Explain what weather is and identify common weather measurements such as temperature, wind direction, and precipitation.
• Use weather data to describe conditions at a specific time and compare how conditions change over time.
• Differentiate weather (short-term) from climate (long-term patterns).

Learning Objectives

• Explain how matter cycles through ecosystems while energy flows through ecosystems.
• Describe how decomposition and respiration help return matter to the environment.
• Use a cycling model to show how the same matter can change form over time across organisms and reservoirs.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Use precise scientific language to describe questions, variables, observations, and results.
• Present results using appropriate representations such as labeled tables or graphs and include consistent units.
• Distinguish observations from interpretations and connect evidence to a claim using scientific vocabulary.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how extracting energy resources can change land, water, and air
• Identify cause-and-effect relationships between extraction activities and environmental impacts
• Describe trade-offs between short-term energy benefits and long-term ecological costs+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how the arrangement and motion of particles determine whether a substance is a solid, liquid, or gas
• Use the particle model to predict how changes in state relate to particle spacing and movement
• Relate particle-level ideas to everyday observations such as shape, volume, and mixing

Learning Objectives

• Explain matter conservation using particle reasoning (particles are rearranged, not created or destroyed).
• Describe how heating, cooling, and mixing can change a substance’s appearance, temperature, or physical state while conserving total matter.
• Use the idea of weight/mass conservation to make and test claims about changes in sealed or tracked systems.

Learning Objectives

• Explain that a star’s apparent brightness depends mainly on its distance from Earth.
• Describe how light spreading out affects how bright a star looks from Earth.
• Use evidence from observations to argue why some nearby objects appear brighter than distant ones.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how solution development links each design feature to a specific criterion it is meant to satisfy.
• Identify how different structures and materials can help meet constraints in a design challenge.
• Compare possible solution ideas using the same criteria and constraints.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the water cycle using key processes such as evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
• Describe how energy from the Sun and gravity drive movement of water through Earth systems.
• Use a water cycle model to predict where water will move next.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mixing and dissolving can form a uniform solution while conserving total mass.
• Use particle reasoning to describe what happens to solute particles in a solvent.
• Identify observable properties of mixtures and solutions and predict outcomes for different combinations.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how apparent brightness of the Sun, Moon, and stars depends largely on distance
• Compare the Sun’s and stars’ apparent brightness using the idea of relative illumination
• Describe how lunar phases change how much light we see from the Moon+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how balanced forces produce a net force of zero and do not change an object’s motion
• Use the net force idea to predict changes in direction and speed when forces are unbalanced
• Distinguish between balanced and unbalanced forces in real-world push-and-pull situations

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main inputs and outputs of photosynthesis.
• Explain the role of chlorophyll and sunlight in making sugar for plant growth.
• Describe how matter from plants can move to other organisms in an ecosystem.

Learning Objectives

• Define a design problem by stating a clear goal, relevant constraints, and measurable criteria for success.
• Identify examples of constraints such as materials, time, and cost and explain why they limit possible solutions.
• Describe how success can be measured using specific metrics and limits on resources before generating ideas.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how plants obtain key materials for growth from air and water.
• Describe the roles of roots, leaves, and vascular tissues in acquiring and transporting resources.
• Use evidence from photosynthesis to explain how plants build dry mass from carbon dioxide and water.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how plants take in water and gases from their environment.
• Describe how inputs become part of new plant tissue as plants grow.
• Use the idea of matter conservation to explain growth changes in plants and surroundings.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how friction acts as a force that can oppose motion between surfaces.
• Use friction in a simple force model to predict changes in speed (slowing down or stopping).
• Distinguish balanced versus unbalanced forces when friction is present.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain phase changes using particle behaviour and kinetic energy
• Connect melting, freezing, evaporation, and condensation to energy transfers
• Identify how intermolecular forces affect the state of matter+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify how measured and observed properties can be used to classify materials as solids or liquids.
• Construct simple property tables and compare numerical values to support classification decisions.
• Apply clear decision criteria using more than one property to handle ambiguous cases.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how balanced nutrition supports organ system functioning, including tissue repair and enzyme activity.
• Describe how hydration, aerobic activity, sleep, and hygiene affect the body’s systems to support recovery and prevent common impairments.
• Use evidence-based cause-and-effect reasoning to predict how health habits influence physiological processes.

Learning Objectives

• Describe how interactions among the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere help explain weather and large-scale patterns.
• Explain key water cycle processes and how they connect surface water movement to atmospheric conditions.
• Use conceptual models to predict how mountains, coasts, and ocean–atmosphere exchanges can influence precipitation and regional climate-related events.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how pushes and pulls combine as net force to change an object's motion (speed and direction).
• Identify friction and other contact forces and describe how surface texture affects motion.
• Describe gravity as a non-contact force that causes falling and relates weight to mass and distance.

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish mass from weight and explain why mass is conserved in closed systems during physical changes.
• Use measurements to show quantitative relationships between mass and volume, including density connections.
• Represent and interpret results (before and after) for melting, dissolving, and mixing in sealed containers.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how trial results provide data to guide improvements to a prototype.
• Identify performance measures and connect them to specific design changes.
• Use evidence from tests to justify why a prototype was improved.

Learning Objectives

• Identify patterns in qualitative and quantitative data and explain what they may indicate.
• Describe uncertainty and limitations in evidence and how they affect conclusions.
• Compare evidence sources for consistency and use confidence levels to justify claims.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Collect and organize observations into data tables and graphs with clear labels and units
• Interpret graphs and maps to identify patterns and compare changes over time
• Communicate data clearly using captions that describe what the data show and note possible uncertainty

Learning Objectives

• Explain why fair testing controls variables to reduce bias and isolate cause-and-effect relationships.
• Identify the roles of independent, dependent, and controlled variables in a comparative investigation.
• Apply operational definitions, consistent materials, and clear outcome criteria to make results reproducible.