Grade 11 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain what the center of mass (CM) means as a weighted average of a system’s mass distribution
• Use conservation of momentum and Newton’s laws to predict center-of-mass motion in multi-body situations
• Apply CM ideas to simplify recoil, explosion, and multi-particle trajectory problems

Learning Objectives

• Explain how reproductive isolation prevents gene flow between populations
• Identify major mechanisms that can cause isolation (geographic, ecological, and temporal)
• Describe how mutations and selection accumulate independently after isolation+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy moves through trophic levels from producers to higher-level consumers
• Use models of trophic energy transfer to justify why less energy is available at higher trophic levels
• Describe how energy is allocated to growth, reproduction, and heat loss during metabolism

Learning Objectives

• Explain how hazard mitigation tools reduce harm to Earth systems and human populations
• Evaluate trade-offs among effectiveness, cost, and environmental consequences in mitigation planning
• Use hazard–exposure–vulnerability reasoning to connect solutions to reduced impacts+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy changes occur when chemical bonds form and break.
• Compare energy of reactants and products to determine whether a reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
• Describe how activation energy barriers affect reaction rates and energy profiles.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how repeated patterns in astronomical observations support model-based explanations of the solar system
• Connect apparent motions, Moon/planet phases, and changing star positions to orbital motion and geometry
• Interpret observational evidence to evaluate predictions from motion models and radiation patterns+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain complete versus incomplete combustion using oxidation of fuels and oxygen availability
• Calculate oxygen demand and relate it to the formation of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
• Describe how nitrogen oxides can form at high combustion temperatures+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how the conservation of mass and conservation of atoms apply to chemical reactions.
• Use balanced chemical equations to connect microscopic atom counts with macroscopic mass measurements.
• Apply mass accounting ideas to predict product amounts and to interpret mass-balance results in closed systems.

Learning Objectives

• Use balanced chemical equations to relate moles and masses of reactants and products.
• Apply mole and mass balances to industrial process streams including recycle and losses.
• Determine limiting reagents and interpret yield/efficiency in real production settings.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations in aqueous reactions
• Write and interpret ionic equations by identifying spectator ions and enforcing charge balance
• Use solubility rules to predict which ions appear in net ionic forms

Learning Objectives

• Determine the limiting reagent using mole-to-mole relationships from a balanced chemical equation
• Identify the excess reagent and calculate the maximum theoretical yield of a product
• Explain how limiting-reagent calculations support industrial optimization and waste reduction

Learning Objectives

• Explain how natural selection changes allele frequencies in a population over time
• Differentiate directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection using trait-environment scenarios
• Interpret evidence of selection, such as antibiotic resistance and fin-size changes, at the population level

Learning Objectives

• Calculate theoretical yield from a balanced chemical equation using moles and limiting reagent.
• Determine percent yield from actual and theoretical product amounts.
• Explain reasons actual yield is less than theoretical yield and interpret what percent yield means for efficiency and sustainability.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how dissolved ions and solubility equilibria relate to scale formation and precipitation in water systems.
• Describe how temperature changes can shift solubility and affect corrosion risk in infrastructure.
• Interpret chemical data (e.g., conductivity, alkalinity, ion concentrations) to anticipate operational and environmental consequences.

Learning Objectives

• Define molar concentration (molarity) and interpret its meaning in moles per litre.
• Use dimensional analysis to convert between mass, moles, and solution molarity.
• Relate dilution calculations to conservation of moles during concentration changes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how pressure relates to gas solubility using Henry’s law and partial pressure.
• Predict how changing pressure affects dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide and methane in natural water systems.
• Apply pressure–gas–liquid equilibrium ideas to real Alberta contexts (reservoir management and deep groundwater).

Learning Objectives

• Interpret solubility curves to determine how solubility changes with temperature for salts and gases
• Identify unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated regions on solubility graphs and predict solution states
• Explain how molecular interactions (ion–ion, ion–water, and gas–gas) relate to trends shown on solubility curves+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Use molar concentration to convert between solution volume and moles of solute in aqueous reactions.
• Apply mole-to-mole stoichiometry to predict product amounts from balanced chemical equations.
• Identify and determine the limiting reagent in solution-phase stoichiometry using concentrations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how molarity and balanced reaction stoichiometry combine to determine an unknown concentration during titration.
• Use equivalence-point relationships to set up and solve titration calculations with correct units.
• Interpret how titration results support quality control and reagent standardization in real laboratory settings.

Learning Objectives

• Use the VSEPR model to predict the three-dimensional shapes of molecules from bonding pairs and lone pairs.
• Relate molecular geometry to molecular polarity and dipole moments.
• Connect intermolecular forces to macroscopic properties such as boiling point and solubility.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in sugars
• Describe how cellular respiration releases usable energy by breaking down sugars and forming ATP
• Connect energy changes to rearrangement of atoms and chemical bond breaking/forming+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how internal structures enable specific functions in organisms (e.g., transport, gas exchange, nutrient uptake).
• Describe how specialized surfaces and barriers regulate movement of substances within organisms.
• Use cause-and-effect reasoning to connect structure to survival and homeostasis.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how multiple lines of evidence support common ancestry
• Identify examples of homologous structures and shared genetic features
• Distinguish how fossil, anatomical, and molecular data contribute to evolutionary relationships

Learning Objectives

• Explain how disturbance regimes, land-use change, connectivity loss, and climate variation influence ecosystem stability and change
• Differentiate resilience, resistance, and regime shifts using examples from real ecosystems
• Analyze how thresholds and feedback loops can drive changes in species composition and ecosystem services

Learning Objectives

• Describe the hierarchical organization of living systems from organelles to organ systems and explain how structures support functions.
• Use models to connect specialized cell types with tissue formation and coordinated organ-level exchanges.
• Explain how interdependent systems (e.g., circulatory and respiratory) maintain internal conditions for cellular processes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation transform energy into ATP
• Describe the electron transport chain and how the proton gradient powers ATP synthase
• Use quantitative ideas (energy yields per electron carriers/substrates) to predict changes in metabolic rate

Learning Objectives

• Calculate power using energy/work and time (P = W/t) for mechanical systems and interpret the result
• Calculate power using electrical measurements (P = IV) and compare predicted values to observations
• Evaluate efficiency by discussing how measured losses affect energy conversion in real systems+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the vertical and horizontal structure of the atmosphere, including major layers and where temperature changes most rapidly.
• Interpret how pressure gradients and temperature profiles drive atmospheric circulation and weather patterns.
• Use thermodynamic ideas such as adiabatic lapse rates and inversions to explain observable phenomena like stability and climate zoning.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how rate laws and reaction order relate to experimentally observed changes in concentration over time.
• Use concentration–time and initial-rate information to interpret or derive integrated rate expressions.
• Connect collision theory and transition-state ideas to temperature dependence, activation energy, and Arrhenius behavior.

Learning Objectives

• Explain and apply equilibrium constants (Kc and Kp) to homogeneous and heterogeneous systems
• Use reaction quotient Q to predict the direction of shift using Le Châtelier’s principle
• Calculate equilibrium compositions using stoichiometry and ICE tables while checking that Q equals K

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mineral ores form and how geologic processes concentrate or disperse materials.
• Describe how weathering, permeability, and groundwater movement influence soil and water resources.
• Connect fossil fuel formation to biological production, burial conditions, and later thermal/pressure changes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how multiple evidence sources (temperature records, ice cores, sediments, and ocean observations) are used to infer climate change.
• Differentiate short-term weather variability from long-term climate trends using evidence.
• Analyze whether observed climate shifts are gradual, abrupt, or cyclical by synthesizing data patterns.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between radiative forcing and climate feedbacks and how they can amplify or reduce temperature change
• Describe key feedback mechanisms (ice-albedo, water vapor, and carbon-cycle) and how their effects depend on timescales
• Use feedback patterns to interpret why some climate responses accelerate instead of remaining linear

Learning Objectives

• Explain how internal Earth processes (plate tectonics, volcanism, uplift) reshape landscapes
• Describe how external Earth processes (weathering, erosion, deposition) transport and transform materials
• Analyze how the balance of uplift and erosion controls river profiles, valley shapes, and exposed rock layers

Learning Objectives

• Explain how gravitational interactions lead to stable orbits and different orbital shapes for small bodies
• Use orbital dynamics and electromagnetic observations to support claims about formation and evolution in space systems
• Interpret how spectral measurements and light curves provide evidence about composition, temperature, and physical properties+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how protons, neutrons, and electrons determine an atom’s identity and overall charge.
• Use the electron energy level model to predict electron arrangement and likely bonding behavior.
• Relate atomic structure to physical and chemical properties such as stability and reactivity.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how electromagnetic radiation transfers energy using oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
• Relate photon energy to frequency and describe how this affects absorption and emission.
• Interpret how different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum interact differently with matter.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how net force determines changes in an object’s motion and acceleration
• Use free-body diagrams to identify contact forces and frictional forces
• Determine net direction and magnitude by combining force vectors+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain conservation of energy for chemical reactions and physical changes in terms of energy transfer between a system and its surroundings.
• Identify whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic using energy diagrams and relative reactant/product energy levels.
• Connect the magnitude and direction of energy transfer to changes in temperature and phase during energy-related processes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how surface area influences reaction rates in heterogeneous systems.
• Connect particle size (smaller vs. larger pieces) to the number of reactant contact points.
• Use surface area ideas to predict the relative speeds of processes like corrosion or decomposition.

Learning Objectives

• Interpret titration curves to identify key features such as initial pH, buffer regions, inflection points, and equivalence pH.
• Differentiate strong acid–strong base, weak acid–strong base, and weak base–strong acid titration curves using their shapes and pH changes.
• Use titration-curve information to select appropriate endpoints and to interpret acidity/neutralization in real water or effluent samples.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how reflection of a wave changes direction while maintaining frequency at a boundary.
• Describe how refraction occurs when a wave enters a new medium with different speed, wavelength, and bending of the path.
• Compare ray and wave representations and explain why frequency remains tied to the source.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the purpose of a design problem statement and distinguish goals from constraints.
• Identify measurable performance criteria and translate needs into quantitative specifications.
• Use limits such as cost, space, safety, and materials to refine a design plan.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how multiple body systems work together to maintain homeostasis
• Identify how feedback coordination prevents internal conditions from drifting from set points
• Connect organ structure and system function to regulating temperature, glucose, oxygen delivery, and waste removal

Learning Objectives

• Explain how reliability-centered optimization uses performance expectations under repeated operation and changing conditions.
• Identify and interpret key reliability optimization metrics such as stability, efficiency over time, and acceptable failure rates.
• Evaluate how models, simulations, and test results work together to validate reliability targets.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how systems thinking helps engineers identify trade-offs among performance, cost, safety, efficiency, and environmental impact.
• Use constraints to judge whether a design solution is acceptable even if it seems better in one dimension.
• Compare design options by linking cause-and-effect relationships across multiple outcomes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how genetic variation arises from differences in alleles, mutation, and recombination
• Describe how inherited genotypes influence phenotypes while environmental factors can modify trait expression
• Connect heritable variation to differences in survival and reproduction within a population

Learning Objectives

• Explain how DNA sequence information becomes expressed through genes via transcription and translation
• Describe how genes are located on chromosomes within the nucleus and how chromosome behavior affects inheritance
• Connect allele inheritance with chromosome pairing and segregation during cell division+ Show more