Grade 12 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Understand the different definitions of acids and bases: Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry, and Lewis.
• Classify substances as acids or bases using different models.
• Identify strong and weak acids and bases.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of internal energy and work in chemical processes.
• Explain the first law of thermodynamics and its application to chemical systems.
• Analyze energy flow in chemical reactions including enthalpy and entropy changes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Interpret stratigraphic sequences, fossil assemblages, and radiometric age data to reconstruct Earth history.
• Apply sedimentary facies models, cross-section interpretations, and isotopic systematics for correlation.
• Understand the limits of temporal resolution, unconformities, and the integration of multiple evidence types in geologic timelines.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand key concepts related to Science
• Apply knowledge through practice questions
• Demonstrate comprehension of the material

Learning Objectives

• Understand the key uses of genomic technology in medicine and conservation.
• Analyze ethical and ecological considerations associated with genomic interventions.
• Evaluate benefits and risks of population-scale sequencing and gene editing.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how gravity and motion combine to produce predictable orbital paths
• Use orbital models to relate orbital period, orbital speed, distance, and the mass of the central body
• Interpret how satellites and exoplanets provide evidence for gravitational control of trajectories

Learning Objectives

• Understand the scope and significance of genomic applications in modern medicine and conservation.
• Identify ethical, ecological, and regulatory considerations related to genomic technologies.
• Analyze benefits and risks associated with population-scale sequencing, personalized medicine, and gene drives.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how human resource use alters Earth systems through extraction, land modification, and emissions.
• Evaluate the environmental consequences of mining, hydrocarbon production, and large-scale agriculture.
• Assess trade-offs between economic benefits and long-term system resilience in resource management.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic concepts of genomic sequencing and its role in modern science.
• Identify key applications of genomics such as personalized medicine and conservation genetics.
• Recognize ethical, ecological, and societal considerations associated with genomic technologies.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of energy transfer and losses in energy conversion processes.
• Analyze how constraints affect the efficiency of real-world devices and systems.
• Explain why no energy conversion process can be 100% efficient.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand key concepts related to Science
• Apply knowledge through practice questions
• Demonstrate comprehension of the material

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of reversible reactions and equilibrium states.
• Explain Le Chatelier’s principle and how it predicts the shifts in chemical equilibria.
• Apply equilibrium expressions to real-world chemical processes such as ammonia synthesis and fertilizer production.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of entropy as a measure of energy dispersal and system disorder.
• Explain the role of Gibbs free energy in predicting the spontaneity of chemical processes.
• Describe how enthalpy and entropy contributions affect reaction spontaneity at different temperatures.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the diverse applications of genomic technologies in medicine, conservation, and agriculture.
• Identify ethical, societal, and ecological considerations associated with genomic data sharing and organism engineering.
• Evaluate the benefits and risks of genomic interventions through multidisciplinary analysis.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand and compare the various definitions of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry, Lewis).
• Differentiate between strong and weak acids and bases, and explain conjugate pairs.
• Interpret pH and pOH relationships and analyze buffer systems and their equilibria.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the principles of molecular orbital theory and band concepts as extensions of valence-bond descriptions.
• Analyze bonding order, delocalization, and electronic structures in diatomic and extended systems.
• Use energy-level diagrams and symmetry considerations to predict magnetic behavior, bond strength, and electronic transitions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Summarize the formation and architecture of the Solar System based on current scientific theories.
• Explain key processes involved in planetary formation, including protoplanetary disk evolution and accretion.
• Analyze observational methods, such as spectroscopy and orbital analysis, used to study planetary systems.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the processes of transcription and translation in gene expression.
• Identify the roles of promoters, enhancers, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications in gene regulation.
• Describe how regulatory networks influence tissue-specific and temporal gene expression patterns.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principles of momentum conservation in systems with changing mass.
• Explain how mass ejection or accretion affects a vehicle’s momentum and produces thrust.
• Derive the qualitative basis for the rocket equation by analyzing momentum exchange.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain semi-conservative DNA replication and how leading and lagging strands are synthesized.
• Describe the roles of helicase, primase, and DNA polymerase during replication.
• Analyze how proofreading and repair mechanisms improve replication fidelity and reduce mutation rates.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of torque and how it affects rotational motion.
• Calculate moments of inertia for different rigid bodies.
• Apply rotational kinematic equations to analyze angular motion.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how geographic isolation, ecological divergence, and chromosomal changes contribute to reproductive isolation.
• Describe how hybridization and adaptive radiation can generate new lineages and species.
• Interpret how phylogenetic trees and fossil records provide evidence for speciation events.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the ethical, legal, and social issues related to biotechnology applications.
• Analyze considerations such as biosafety, intellectual property, and ecological risks.
• Evaluate regulatory frameworks and public consultation processes shaping biotechnology deployment.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principles of pathway control including enzyme kinetics and allosteric modulation.
• Explain feedback inhibition and hormonal regulation mechanisms that maintain metabolic homeostasis.
• Use rate equations, metabolic flux diagrams, and steady-state approximations to analyze pathway responses.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how cells use signals and regulatory molecules to control gene transcription and gene expression outcomes.
• Compare roles of transcription factors, chromatin accessibility, and post-transcriptional regulation (splicing, RNA stability, microRNAs).
• Apply gene regulation concepts to predict how different cell types can produce different proteins from the same DNA.

Learning Objectives

• Define what a scientific model/representation is and explain its purpose in relating ideas to real-world phenomena
• Describe common limits of representations, including assumptions and cases where a model may not generalize
• Compare types of models (schematic diagrams, mathematical equations, and computational simulations) and justify representation choice+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify and describe the principal types of chemical bonding: ionic, covalent, and metallic.
• Understand how charge distribution, lattice structures, and shared-electron models characterize bond types.
• Explain how different bond types influence bulk properties such as electrical conductivity, melting point, and solubility.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify independent, dependent, and confounding variables in biological and environmental investigations.
• Apply strategies such as operational definitions, control groups, randomization, blinding, and replication to reduce bias.
• Explain how internal and external validity affect causal interpretations in both controlled and observational contexts.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain conservation of energy in terms of energy transfer between a system and surroundings during heat processes
• Use temperature change and specific heat capacity concepts to reason about heat gained and heat lost in calorimetry
• Distinguish between energy released and energy absorbed processes and predict the direction of heat flow+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic principles of fluid flow, including laminar and turbulent flow.
• Apply continuity and Bernoulli's principles to real-world fluid scenarios such as river flow and atmospheric patterns.
• Use scaling arguments and dimensional analysis to relate laboratory findings to field-scale processes.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the principles behind key molecular biotechnology techniques.
• Interpret data produced by nucleic acid amplification and sequencing.
• Evaluate the strengths and limitations of different genome editing methods.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of genetic drift and its effects on allele frequencies.
• Identify the causes and consequences of bottlenecks and founder events.
• Explain the balance between genetic drift and natural selection in populations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to construct explanations that connect evidence to reasoning.
• Identify specific observations and data summaries that support claims.
• Analyze how variables and controls justify causal interpretations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the mechanisms that lead to the formation of new species.
• Identify different patterns and evidence of speciation in nature.
• Describe how geographic, ecological, and chromosomal changes contribute to speciation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic concepts of oxidation, reduction, and electron transfer.
• Identify oxidizing and reducing agents in chemical reactions.
• Apply half-reaction methods to balance redox equations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish oxidation and reduction and identify oxidizing and reducing agents from electron transfer and oxidation state changes
• Use oxidation numbers to determine whether a species is oxidized or reduced in redox reactions
• Balance simple redox reactions using half-reaction reasoning while conserving atoms and charge

Learning Objectives

• Form scientific claims that are grounded in evidence and clearly distinguish evidence from interpretation.
• Use warrants, qualifiers, and logical reasoning to connect evidence to conclusions in scientifically appropriate ways.
• Evaluate competing hypotheses by assessing evidence strength and explaining why one inference is better supported than others.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of limiting reagent in chemical reactions.
• Identify the limiting reagent from balanced chemical equations.
• Calculate theoretical and percent yields based on reagent limitations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Analyze how mineral, groundwater, and hydrocarbon systems interact with geologic processes and societal demand
• Interpret ore deposit models, aquifer properties, and basin maturation to explain patterns of resource availability
• Evaluate sustainability constraints using reserve estimates and mass-balance reasoning+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish key interspecific interaction types (competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism) and predict likely effects on populations.
• Explain how energy flow through food webs and trophic efficiency influence biomass distribution and ecosystem functioning.
• Apply ecological concepts to Alberta examples (aspen–mycorrhizal mutualism and wolf–elk–vegetation cascades) to reason about community resilience and biodiversity.

Learning Objectives

• Identify key drivers of sea level variability, including thermal expansion, land-ice loss, and glacio-isostatic adjustment.
• Interpret scientific data from tide-gauge and satellite records related to sea level trends.
• Understand the methods used to attribute causes of sea level change and assess uncertainties.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication.
• Identify the roles of key enzymes such as helicase, primase, and DNA polymerase in DNA replication.
• Explain mechanisms that ensure replication fidelity and repair for mutation control.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the first and second laws of thermodynamics and their application to chemical systems.
• Analyze how internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy predict reaction spontaneity and equilibrium.
• Interpret free energy changes from equilibrium constants in various processes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of chemical equilibrium
• Learn how external stresses affect equilibrium systems
• Identify the effects of pressure changes on reactions+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how cosmic redshift supports the idea that space is expanding on large scales.
• Use the relationship between emitted and observed wavelengths to interpret redshift.
• Evaluate how multiple observational wavelengths and large-scale structure provide consistent evidence for cosmic expansion.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the vector decomposition of initial velocity in projectile motion.
• Analyze the independence of horizontal and vertical motions in projectile trajectories.
• Apply parametric equations to determine the shape and range of projectiles.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the basic principles of plate tectonics and how plates move over the Earth's mantle.
• Identify different types of plate boundaries and their characteristic features.
• Describe geological phenomena such as sea-floor spreading, subduction zones, and fault systems.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the processes involved in the formation and structure of the Solar System.
• Recognize the key theories and models explaining planetary origins.
• Relate observational data to theoretical models of planetary diversity.+ Show more