Grade 4 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific inquiry uses observations and questions as starting points
• Use evidence from measurements or data to support an explanation
• Describe how scientists revise ideas when new evidence does not match

Learning Objectives

• Explain why energy decreases at each step of a food chain
• Describe how organisms use energy for life processes and how energy can be lost as heat
• Connect energy loss to why longer food chains usually have fewer top consumers+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain what a habitat is and describe key habitat conditions (food, water, shelter, and living conditions).
• Describe how organisms in the same habitat depend on one another for resources.
• Use evidence from a text to identify main ideas and make correct claims about habitat relationships.

Learning Objectives

• Identify different types of constraints that affect a design during problem solving.
• Explain how constraints limit possible solutions in real-world engineering situations.
• Use vocabulary such as material, dimensions, mass, operating conditions, time, and environmental safety to describe constraints.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of a food chain and how energy flows from producers to consumers.
• Identify different roles in a food chain, such as producers, herbivores, carnivores, and decomposers.
• Recognize the components of a simple food chain and how each species depends on others.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish solids, liquids, and gases by their observable properties.
• Identify how particles and movement relate to shape and volume in different states of matter.
• Use temperature-related thinking to explain why matter can change state.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how patterns in data tables and charts can be modeled to show relationships.
• Use simple models (diagrams, arrow models, or graphs) to make predictions from data.
• Identify where a model fits the evidence well and where it may need more data.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Generate multiple solution ideas for a problem using given constraints
• Compare solution ideas by considering tradeoffs related to criteria and limits
• Explain which solution best meets the original problem statement using evidence

Learning Objectives

• Explain how major parts of an engineering design work together to meet success criteria and constraints.
• Describe structure-to-purpose relationships by linking a component’s function to its effect on heat transfer.
• Use evidence from a model design to identify which parts reduce melting and why.

Learning Objectives

• Interpret topographic maps by using contour lines and elevation gradients to describe changes in terrain
• Identify drainage patterns and depositional zones by analyzing river networks and landforms on maps or images
• Match map symbols and scale information to real-world features shown in aerial or satellite views+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify common weather measurements and the tools used to measure them (temperature, precipitation, wind, and observable conditions).
• Explain why recording weather data in numbers and categories helps scientists compare conditions over time.
• Use weather data ideas to describe patterns and possible changes in weather.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how solids, liquids, and gases differ in shape and volume.
• Use everyday examples to describe how matter occupies space.
• Identify the best main idea for short science reading paragraphs.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how push and pull forces can change an object’s motion by changing speed and/or direction
• Identify force direction and strength as key factors that affect how an object moves
• Compare the effects of stronger versus weaker forces acting on the same object+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the processes involved in the rock cycle and how rocks transform among igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic forms.
• Identify key processes such as melting, cooling, weathering, erosion, transport, compaction, cementation, heat, and pressure.
• Recognize real-world examples like lava cooling to basalt and sediment forming sandstone in the cycle.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids transform rocks into metamorphic rocks.
• Differentiate between contact and regional metamorphism and recognize examples such as marble and gneiss.
• Describe processes like recrystallization, foliation, and mineral alignment during metamorphism.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how erosion and deposition change Earth’s surface
• Describe how water and wind move and reshape Earth materials
• Identify landforms affected by surface-change processes such as riverbanks and shorelines

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to interpret topographic and geological maps.
• Identify and analyze spatial patterns of Earth's surface features.
• Relate map symbols, scale, and elevation to real-world landforms and processes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how amplitude relates to sound volume (loudness) using simple observations.
• Describe how pitch relates to how fast an object vibrates.
• Use distance to predict how clearly a sound can be heard.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how simple machines change the direction or size of forces to make tasks easier
• Describe the roles of effort force, output force, and fulcrum in a lever
• Use examples of inclined planes and levers to predict how motion changes

Learning Objectives

• Explain how a wheel-and-axle system turns rotational motion into linear motion or force
• Compare fixed and movable pulleys and describe how each changes the direction and size of input force
• Use wheel radius and axle radius to predict mechanical advantage in simple wheel-and-axle examples

Learning Objectives

• Define the parts of a wave: crest, trough, and displacement
• Explain what wavelength and amplitude mean using a model
• Identify wave patterns described by position and displacement

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main parts of different organisms and their functions.
• Understand how structures help organisms survive in their environment.
• Learn the differences between plant and animal structures.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the fulcrum, input arm, and output arm in common lever examples (seesaw, wheelbarrow, tweezers).
• Classify levers into first-, second-, and third-class based on fulcrum, load, and effort positions.
• Explain how input force, output force, and mechanical advantage are related to arm lengths.

Learning Objectives

• Explain why scientists use models to represent objects, systems, or processes that are hard to observe directly.
• Describe how models use simplified parts, patterns, or scale representations to connect evidence to explanations.
• Identify how assumptions in a model can be tested and revised using new observations.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how gears, pulleys, levers, and linkages can work together to create a desired output motion or force.
• Describe trade-offs in combined mechanisms, such as torque versus speed and simplicity versus compactness.
• Use vocabulary such as torque, speed, linkage, and direction change to interpret simple real-world designs.

Learning Objectives

• Identify mechanisms of energy transfer between objects and across different media (solids, liquids, gases).
• Connect energy transfer to observable changes in motion and to changes in thermal state.
• Use evidence from temperature or motion observations to explain what energy was transferred and how.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how soil is formed from parent rock and organic matter.
• Identify factors such as climate, topography, and time that influence soil development.
• Explore how different environments affect soil characteristics like color, texture, and fertility.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how wave speed depends on the medium for sound (solids, liquids, and gases).
• Describe how boundaries between media can cause partial reflection and reduced clarity.
• Identify how temperature and medium composition can change how sound travels and how quickly it fades.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how vibrating objects create sound by making matter move in repeating patterns
• Describe how frequency and amplitude affect pitch and loudness
• Identify common features of mechanical sound waves, including compressions and rarefactions+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how smooth surfaces can produce specular reflection and clearer images in a plane mirror
• Explain the equal-angle relationship between incident and reflected rays
• Compare specular and diffuse reflection using brightness and clarity of images

Learning Objectives

• Explain that pitch depends on frequency and that loudness depends on amplitude
• Identify how changes in vibrating strings and air columns can change pitch and loudness
• Use sound-source comparisons to predict which change makes a sound higher or lower, louder or softer

Learning Objectives

• Explain how sound reflection can create echoes and reverberation in enclosed spaces
• Describe how distance to a reflecting surface affects the time delay between direct and reflected sound
• Compare how different surface materials absorb or reflect sound energy+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how single fixed pulleys change the direction of force.
• Explain how multiple pulleys in block-and-tackle systems provide mechanical advantages.
• Describe the difference between simple linkages and complex linkage systems like four-bar linkages.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy from food, water, and oxygen help organisms grow over time.
• Identify how temperature and habitat features affect organism growth and development.
• Describe what can happen to growth when basic needs are not met consistently.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted at boundaries between materials.
• Identify observable outcomes of wave interactions such as diminished intensity or redirected wave paths.
• Compare different materials based on their interaction with waves.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how patterns of waves encode and transmit information.
• Identify different types of signals such as Morse code, rhythmic sounds, and optical signals.
• Compare signal clarity, interference susceptibility, and bandwidth requirements across media.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how amplitude and wavelength characterize wave behavior.
• Identify examples of waves such as water waves, vibrating strings, and slinkys.
• Interpret graphical displacement vs. position representations of waves.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how predators and prey can affect each other’s population sizes in an ecosystem over time.
• Describe how competition for limited resources can change populations and growth rates.
• Identify examples of mutual relationships and predict how they may affect ecosystem stability.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how rock layers and fossils provide evidence of Earth's landscape changes over time.
• Identify features such as fossil assemblages, unconformities, and cross-cutting relationships as indicators of geological events.
• Interpret layered rock records to reconstruct past environments and shifts in biodiversity.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain why the Moon’s visible shape changes during a month
• Describe the repeating sequence of lunar phases from the student’s viewpoint on Earth
• Use observations to support a claim about how lunar phases follow a pattern

Learning Objectives

• Explain how food, water, oxygen, and temperature support growth over time.
• Describe how habitat features can affect an organism’s growth and development.
• Use evidence from a passage to answer questions about growth conditions.

Learning Objectives

• Identify observations that lead to a design problem.
• Write or describe a clear problem statement of what needs to change.
• Connect possible solution ideas to changes in shape, materials, or structure.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare life cycles of different organisms by observing stage-by-stage body features, movement, and feeding needs
• Distinguish between complete metamorphosis and gradual development using evidence from observable stages
• Explain how developmental changes help organisms survive as their needs change

Learning Objectives

• Explain how testing results provide evidence about whether a proposed solution works.
• Describe how recording results clearly helps scientists find patterns across attempts.
• Use data from test outcomes to identify what worked, what failed, and what to improve.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the key properties used to identify minerals, such as hardness, streak, cleavage, fracture, lustre, and colour.
• Learn simple field tests to distinguish different minerals and support classification.
• Recognize the importance of mineral properties in rock formation and everyday materials.

Learning Objectives

• Use ray lines to predict where light is fully blocked and where light is present in shadows.
• Explain how extending rays helps locate regions of full illumination and darkness.
• Use incident and reflected ray directions to describe simple reflections on smooth surfaces.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mechanical advantage relates input and output forces using a ratio
• Use distance (or rotation) trade-offs to interpret how force changes affect motion
• Convert between units appropriately and describe what a ratio without units means

Learning Objectives

• Explain how heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids change preexisting rocks into metamorphic rocks.
• Distinguish contact metamorphism from regional metamorphism using examples and where they occur.
• Describe how recrystallization, foliation, and mineral alignment show metamorphic change.+ Show more