Grade 4 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain how heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids change preexisting rocks into metamorphic rocks.
• Distinguish contact metamorphism from regional metamorphism using examples and where they occur.
• Describe how recrystallization, foliation, and mineral alignment show metamorphic change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify sand, silt, clay, and loam using particle size distribution and basic properties.
• Describe how soil texture affects permeability, aeration, and nutrient retention.
• Explain how organic content can improve soil structure, fertility, and water-holding capacity.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how population size can increase or decrease over generations due to birth rate, resources, predation, and disease.
• Describe how adaptations—physical and behavioral—help individuals survive and increase the chance that their traits become more common.
• Connect numerical changes in species abundance to traits that affect survival in a changing environment.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between primary and secondary succession after a disturbance.
• Describe how pioneer species and soil development change an ecosystem over generations.
• Predict how resource availability and species interactions shift as succession progresses.

Learning Objectives

• Understand different conservation strategies and their role in habitat recovery.
• Identify the differences between passive protection and active restoration methods.
• Recognize the importance of ecological indicators and community planning in conservation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify different functional roles within communities such as producers, consumers, decomposers, pollinators, predators, and prey.
• Explain how energy and matter move through community roles and pathways.
• Differentiate among feeding modes and trophic functions in ecosystems.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how patterns in tables and charts can be represented with simple models to show relationships.
• Use a model to make predictions and describe where evidence supports the model.
• Identify when a model needs more data because observations do not follow the pattern.

Learning Objectives

• Define the changing variable, responding variable, and fixed conditions in a science investigation.
• Explain why controlled variables help scientists separate cause from coincidence.
• Use a study plan to choose one change at a time while keeping background conditions the same.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how human activities affect local habitats and ecosystems.
• Identify examples of human impacts such as pollution, habitat loss, and resource extraction.
• Describe observable ecological indicators of habitat change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain that energy can change form when it moves through a device.
• Identify input and output energy forms for common devices such as batteries, motors, and light bulbs.
• Describe how some energy conversions are not 100% efficient because some energy is lost as heat.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how waves can carry information by changing amplitude, frequency, timing, and the presence or absence of pulses
• Identify how signals can be encoded, transmitted, detected, and decoded using wave patterns
• Compare how signal clarity and interference risks can differ across air, water, and optical fibers

Learning Objectives

• Identify a problem and describe what success should look like using measurable criteria.
• List constraints that limit a solution, such as size, materials, and cost.
• Explain how success criteria and constraints help choose an achievable goal.

Learning Objectives

• Identify thermal energy and describe how heat moves between materials.
• Use evidence from a text to explain observable effects of heat transfer.
• Distinguish between direct contact heating and heating from a distance.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main idea of a science passage about wave-based information transfer.
• Describe key details about how patterns in waves can carry messages.
• Use vocabulary related to waves, signals, and decoding to answer questions.

Learning Objectives

• Find evidence in a text about how running water changes landforms.
• Explain how erosion and deposition shape river valleys.
• Use details from a passage to support a short claim.

Learning Objectives

• Understand physical and chemical weathering agents and their effects on rocks.
• Identify examples of weathering features such as rounded boulder surfaces and rust-colored rocks.
• Explain how environmental conditions influence weathering rates.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the five senses and their functions.
• Describe how the senses help humans respond to their environment.
• Understand the importance of sensory organs.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare life-cycle stages in different organisms by using observable features.
• Distinguish complete metamorphosis from gradual development using stage changes.
• Explain how each life-cycle stage meets different survival needs such as movement, food, and body covering.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how species richness and evenness help describe biodiversity in a community
• Identify how native and introduced species can change the make-up of a habitat
• Describe how habitat heterogeneity can support greater biodiversity

Learning Objectives

• Understand how constraints influence design decisions.
• Identify examples of tradeoffs in engineering and design.
• Analyze how limitations on materials and dimensions affect feasible solutions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how wind and water cause erosion by moving soil and wearing down surfaces.
• Identify common erosion-control solutions that reduce runoff or wind transport of particles.
• Match key erosion-control terms with their meanings and use them to answer science questions.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to plan fair tests by controlling variables and recording data.
• Learn to interpret results and identify failure modes in a testing scenario.
• Apply systematic improvements to design projects such as bridges or parachutes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to identify a problem with measurable criteria and constraints.
• Learn to articulate success measures such as containment, weight, and volume.
• List and analyze constraints like materials, cost, and size.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand different methods to compare solutions based on criteria.
• Use diagrams and models to illustrate solution differences.
• Apply qualitative and quantitative measures to evaluate solutions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify common simple machines and match each one to its mechanical role.
• Describe how simple machines change the direction or magnitude of an input force.
• Sort simple machines into functional categories: force multipliers, distance changers, and direction changers.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how evidence helps make a scientific claim more convincing
• Identify types of evidence, such as observations and measurements
• Describe how scientists respond when evidence conflicts with an explanation+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how transparent, translucent, and opaque materials affect light transmission
• Explain how absorption, reflection, and scattering change light intensity and appearance
• Identify how surface and bulk properties influence colour and the look of dimmed or filtered light+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify key ideas about how humans get energy from natural resources.
• Explain how different energy sources connect to the environment.
• Use evidence from a passage to answer science questions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how water, ice, and wind can cause erosion and move sediment
• Describe how deposition forms landforms such as valleys, deltas, beaches, and moraines
• Use cause-and-effect language to explain how sediment patterns can record past environmental changes+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the responding variable in a science investigation question.
• Choose consistent measurement methods and recording criteria for fair comparisons.
• Select appropriate units and measurement tools for collecting usable data.

Learning Objectives

• Identify mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism using clues about who benefits
• Explain how symbiotic relationships can affect survival and reproduction in populations
• Use vocabulary to describe different species interactions in an ecosystem

Learning Objectives

• Explain how recorded test results can show relationships between design changes and performance outcomes.
• Identify patterns in data that suggest which design feature needs revision.
• Use outcome measures (increase/decrease) to support evidence-based refinement decisions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how vibrating sources produce sound waves.
• Explain the difference between sustained vibrations, transient strikes, and driven oscillations.
• Identify how frequency and amplitude influence perceived pitch and loudness.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how observable evidence supports a claim in science investigations.
• Identify features of a testable question that can be answered with measurable information.
• Distinguish between observations, claims, and hypotheses in simple scientific thinking.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to communicate scientific findings clearly and logically.
• Identify the key components of credible scientific communication.
• Learn how to interpret and summarize patterns and evidence in experiments.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main idea and key details about how waves interact with barriers.
• Describe how reflection changes a wave’s direction and how that affects what we observe.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how an inclined plane increases distance to reduce the input force needed to lift an object
• Compare ramps and screw threads as continuous inclined planes and describe how pitch and angle affect mechanical advantage
• Describe how friction and contact area can limit how well an inclined plane or screw works

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific communication includes stating a clear claim and connecting evidence to that claim.
• Use precise scientific language to describe methods, results, patterns, and uncertainty.
• Identify why certain methods and evidence make findings more trustworthy.

Learning Objectives

• Define the difference between the independent variable and the dependent variable in a controlled experiment.
• Identify which conditions must stay the same to keep a test fair.
• Explain how controlling variables helps scientists avoid misleading results.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how patterns in tables and charts can be translated into models.
• Learn to identify relationships and trends in data.
• Create simple models like arrows, graphs, or diagrams to summarize data.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify plant root and stem structures and describe what they help the plant do.
• Explain how structure supports function in plant life.
• Use key details from a short passage to answer questions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain that life cycles describe repeating stages an organism goes through from one generation to the next.
• Identify and describe common life cycle stages in animals and in plants.
• Use evidence from observations (body size, shape, and needs) to infer life cycle stages.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how deposition happens when transporting forces slow down
• Identify examples of deposition by flowing water and by wind
• Describe how sediment thickness can show changes over time+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify natural and artificial light sources and describe how they produce light
• Explain how emitted light and reflected light differ when objects are seen
• Use the idea that light travels in straight lines to predict visibility and beam behavior+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how scientific principles like force, friction, gravity, and electricity influence design decisions.
• Learn how engineering choices align with scientific concepts to improve prototype performance.
• Recognize the importance of scientific understanding in creating functional systems like flashlights.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the sequence of the Moon's phases over a lunar cycle.
• Identify different lunar phases and their characteristics.
• Explain how Earth's perspective affects the appearance of the Moon.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how meshing gear teeth transmit rotational motion from one gear to another.
• Calculate or predict how gear ratio affects rotational speed and torque direction changes.
• Describe how idler gears and compound gear trains change motion in compact mechanisms.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s rotation and its position relative to the Sun relate to daily patterns of light and temperature.
• Describe how the Moon orbits Earth and why different amounts of the Moon’s sunlit side are visible.
• Use models or sky observations to connect motion in space to predictable changes we see.