Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain how fossil patterns in stratigraphic layers provide evidence for common ancestry and evolutionary change over geologic time.
• Use index fossils and correlations between sedimentary layers to infer relative ages and interpret changes in fossil assemblages.
• Analyze how transitional fossils and morphological trends support ideas about lineage continuity, radiations, and mass extinctions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how early embryonic structures can be conserved across different animal groups
• Compare embryonic features (pharyngeal pouches, limb buds, and body-plan patterns) across taxa
• Use developmental timing to support ideas about evolutionary relationships

Learning Objectives

• Describe the connection between catabolic and anabolic pathways in organismal energy regulation.
• Explain how hormonal signals and nutrient availability influence metabolic priorities.
• Identify short-term and long-term mechanisms of enzyme control in metabolism.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify key indicators of chemical reactions through qualitative and quantitative data.
• Explain how to interpret pre- and post-interaction measurements to determine if a new substance has been formed.
• Describe classic examples of chemical reactions such as acid–carbonate reactions and metal oxidation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe the main functions of different organ systems.
• Understand how organ systems interact to maintain homeostasis.
• Identify principal organs involved in major bodily functions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define and explain the concepts of work, kinetic energy, and potential energy.
• Describe the principle of energy conservation in closed systems.
• Differentiate between conservative and nonconservative forces with relevant examples.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand basic and complex inheritance models including Mendelian, linkage, sex linkage, incomplete dominance, and polygenic traits.
• Explain how recombination frequencies and pedigree analysis help determine inheritance modes.
• Interpret molecular genotypes and predict trait variations in families and populations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how the fossil record documents evolutionary change over deep time.
• Identify methods such as stratigraphic distribution and radiometric dating used to establish temporal sequences.
• Explain the significance of transitional fossils in demonstrating morphological intermediates.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain that in a closed system total energy stays constant even as energy changes form.
• Identify energy transformations among kinetic, potential, and thermal energy and describe likely transfers as heat or work.
• Use energy accounting to predict what happens to systems in collisions, circuits, or chemical reactions.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the principles of electron configuration and orbital filling order.
• Explain Hund's rule and its application in electron arrangements.
• Identify common exceptions in electron configurations of transition elements.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principles of elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
• Apply conservation of momentum and kinetic energy to analyze collision scenarios.
• Compare laboratory and center-of-mass reference frames in collision problems.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of average speed and how it differs from instantaneous speed.
• Learn to perform simple one-step speed calculations using distance and time data.
• Convert speed units between meters per second and kilometers per hour.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Organize quantitative and qualitative observations into tables and appropriate graphs
• Interpret graphs by reading axes, scales, and trend patterns
• Use summary statistics (mean and median) to compare data sets and recognize outliers and uncertainty

Learning Objectives

• Understand the mechanisms that influence allele frequencies in populations.
• Identify the factors contributing to genetic variation and structure.
• Explain the concepts of gene flow, genetic drift, and selection in evolution.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand different inheritance models such as Mendelian, linkage, and sex linkage.
• Interpret pedigree charts and analyze trait transmission across generations.
• Evaluate how recombination frequency affects gene assortment and trait inheritance.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how detritivores, fungi, and bacteria contribute to decomposition and nutrient cycling.
• Describe how carbon and nitrogen are transformed during decomposition.
• Evaluate how abiotic factors (temperature, moisture, oxygen, and chemistry of matter) affect decomposition rates and soil fertility.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how different species roles (producer, consumer, decomposer, and mutualist) support ecosystem functions.
• Describe how keystone and indicator species can strongly affect ecosystem stability.
• Use examples from Alberta to connect biodiversity roles to pollination, nutrient cycling, and food webs.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how renewable energy systems transform environmental energy into usable electrical energy.
• Describe why energy losses (heat and friction) reduce net usable energy in real systems.
• Use conservation of energy to predict limits and trade-offs among generation, conversion, and storage.

Learning Objectives

• Use ray lines to predict where light is fully blocked and where light is present in shadows.
• Explain how extending rays helps locate regions of full illumination and darkness.
• Use incident and reflected ray directions to describe simple reflections on smooth surfaces.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mechanical advantage relates input and output forces using a ratio
• Use distance (or rotation) trade-offs to interpret how force changes affect motion
• Convert between units appropriately and describe what a ratio without units means

Learning Objectives

• Explain how heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids change preexisting rocks into metamorphic rocks.
• Distinguish contact metamorphism from regional metamorphism using examples and where they occur.
• Describe how recrystallization, foliation, and mineral alignment show metamorphic change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify sand, silt, clay, and loam using particle size distribution and basic properties.
• Describe how soil texture affects permeability, aeration, and nutrient retention.
• Explain how organic content can improve soil structure, fertility, and water-holding capacity.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how population size can increase or decrease over generations due to birth rate, resources, predation, and disease.
• Describe how adaptations—physical and behavioral—help individuals survive and increase the chance that their traits become more common.
• Connect numerical changes in species abundance to traits that affect survival in a changing environment.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between primary and secondary succession after a disturbance.
• Describe how pioneer species and soil development change an ecosystem over generations.
• Predict how resource availability and species interactions shift as succession progresses.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principles of evaluating competing design solutions using quantitative and qualitative metrics.
• Recognize the importance of decision frameworks and matrices in selecting optimal systems based on multiple criteria.
• Assess the role of uncertainty and stakeholder priorities in engineering evaluations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic components and functions of direct-current circuits.
• Apply Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's laws to analyze series and parallel circuits.
• Calculate equivalent resistance in complex circuits.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principle of mass conservation in chemical reactions
• Identify examples of mass conservation in real-world scenarios
• Learn to apply the concept to simple chemical equations

Learning Objectives

• Identify the three main states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
• Describe the characteristic properties of each state of matter.
• Understand how temperature and pressure influence state changes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of density as a ratio of mass to volume and its significance in predicting material behavior in fluids.
• Explain how density differences cause phenomena like buoyancy, layering, and displacement in liquids and solids.
• Calculate basic density using given mass and volume measurements and interpret the results for material comparison.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how multiple organ systems coordinate to maintain homeostasis.
• Explain the roles of the respiratory, circulatory, excretory, and endocrine systems in systemic regulation.
• Describe how cellular structures support organ functions and inter-system communication.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how orogeny forms mountains through crustal shortening, thickening, and uplift during plate convergence.
• Describe how continental collisions and subduction-related compression contribute to mountain-belt structures.
• Connect erosion and isostatic adjustment to how uplifted mountain landscapes evolve over time.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the mechanisms regulating gene expression from transcription to post-transcriptional modifications.
• Identify the roles of promoter architecture, transcription factors, chromatin remodeling, and epigenetic marks in gene regulation.
• Analyze how sequence motifs, regulatory network diagrams, and expression data illustrate gene regulation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe charge transfer processes between materials during triboelectric effects.
• Explain the concept of electrostatic discharge and associated phenomena like sparks and attraction.
• Identify materials based on the triboelectric series and predict their charge tendencies.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish between physical and chemical changes through observable indicators.
• Identify examples of physical and chemical changes in everyday life.
• Understand characteristic evidence of chemical processes such as gas formation, precipitate, color change, and temperature change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare energy and mineral resource options based on environmental, economic, and social criteria.
• Analyze the impacts of resource extraction methods like mountaintop removal and hydraulic fracturing.
• Evaluate sustainable practices and life-cycle trade-offs in resource management.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how systems and decision models are applied to evaluate mitigation and adaptation strategies.
• Analyze trade-offs among environmental, social, and economic variables using scenario analysis.
• Evaluate policy instruments such as carbon pricing and land-use planning for sustainable development.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how rising air cooling leads to cloud formation through condensation and/or freezing
• Describe how droplet and ice-crystal growth leads to precipitation types
• Connect energy transfers during phase changes to weather patterns

Learning Objectives

• Understand the processes of diffusion and osmosis as passive transport mechanisms.
• Describe how concentration differences influence diffusion and osmosis.
• Explain the effects of these processes on cells and biological functions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the principles of molecular and cellular energy transfer and transformation.
• Describe ATP synthesis, hydrolysis, and energy coupling mechanisms in cellular processes.
• Interpret reaction coordinate diagrams and enzyme kinetics related to bioenergetics.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand different types of satellite orbits such as elliptical and near-circular
• Identify how orbital speed varies with distance from the central body
• Explain the balance of gravitational force and inertial motion in satellite orbits+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the processes of adaptation and speciation and how populations diverge into new lineages.
• Identify factors such as geographic, behavioral, and genetic changes that contribute to speciation.
• Analyze evidence for speciation events, including morphology, reproductive compatibility, and biogeographic patterns.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how natural selection acts on heritable traits in populations.
• Identify different modes of selection: directional, stabilizing, and disruptive.
• Describe how environmental factors influence selective pressures.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how introduced species become invasive and the impacts on native ecosystems.
• Identify pathways of species introduction and ecological traits that favor invasion.
• Analyze how invasive species alter community interactions and ecosystem processes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main organs involved in the human digestive system.
• Describe the structure and function of the stomach, intestines, and liver.
• Explain how the digestive organs work together to process food.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of homeostasis and its importance in maintaining internal stability.
• Identify mechanisms involved in temperature regulation in mammals.
• Describe the role of sensor-effector loops and metabolic adjustments.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the basic differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
• Understand the structural complexity of different cell types
• Recognize examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the fundamental structure of a cell.
• Identify key features of cell components such as the membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material.
• Recognize examples of plant and moss cells relevant to Alberta ecosystems.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the quantitative relationships between kinetic and potential energy and how they depend on mass, speed, and position.
• Interpret graphical displays relating kinetic energy to mass and the square of speed.
• Analyze energy interchange in systems such as pendulums and roller-coaster models.+ Show more