Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain why matter is conserved in biological systems even as organisms grow and change.
• Describe how elements such as carbon and nitrogen move among atmosphere, soil, water, and living tissue.
• Use conservation of matter ideas to interpret ecosystem productivity and nutrient cycling.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how particle models connect molecular structure to observable properties like states of matter and solubility.
• Compare polar and nonpolar molecules and predict how each interacts with water.
• Describe how extended structures (polymers and crystalline solids) lead to different properties based on particle arrangement.

Learning Objectives

• Define and relate key kinematic quantities such as displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration.
• Understand the concepts of average and instantaneous motion in one dimension.
• Apply constant-acceleration equations to scenarios like free-fall and uniformly accelerated motion.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration for one-dimensional motion
• Calculate average velocity from displacement and elapsed time
• Calculate average acceleration from changes in velocity+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how Earth's energy budget influences climate variations.
• Identify key factors such as solar flux, albedo, greenhouse gases, and ocean heat transport.
• Analyze how these factors contribute to phenomena like ice-sheet changes, El Niño, and monsoon shifts.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the processes involved in fossil formation and preservation.
• Identify methods used for dating fossils and understanding Earth's biological history.
• Recognize different types of fossil evidence and their significance.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the difference between parasitic and induced drag
• Learn how surface roughness and wing design influence drag
• Recognize real-world examples of drag reduction in aircraft and vehicles+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how solar flux, albedo, greenhouse gases, and ocean heat transport influence Earth's climate.
• Identify key factors that cause climate variability and regional weather patterns.
• Analyze how observations and proxies support climate attribution.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how physical and conceptual models represent scientific systems and help predict outcomes.
• Use models to interpret patterns in data and identify assumptions and limitations.
• Refine a model when new evidence does not match predictions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the main processes that lead to fossil formation, including mineralization and imprint preservation
• Describe how fossil distribution and stratigraphic succession can be used for relative dating
• Compare relative dating with radiometric dating of igneous layers to determine absolute ages+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy accounting uses systems and boundaries to track energy transfers
• Identify when energy is transferred as heat, work, or stored as gravitational or elastic energy
• Use conservation of total energy to check whether a computational model is consistent with data

Learning Objectives

• Define speed, velocity, and acceleration
• Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities
• Identify the difference between constant velocity and changing motion+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the causes of different types of drag in flight and vehicles.
• Identify how design features reduce drag and improve energy efficiency.
• Explain the difference between parasitic and induced drag.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how precipitation returns water to Earth and connects the atmosphere to the hydrosphere and geosphere.
• Describe how infiltration allows water to enter soil and how it can help recharge groundwater.
• Compare factors that increase infiltration versus factors that increase runoff.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to identify reactants in a chemical reaction.
• Learn methods to predict possible products based on reactant types and patterns.
• Apply the principles of conservation of atoms to formulate balanced chemical equations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to identify reactants in a chemical reaction
• Predict possible products based on reaction types and patterns
• Use conservation of atoms to determine plausible products+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to predict products of chemical reactions using reactant identities and reaction patterns.
• Apply the law of conservation of atoms to balance chemical equations.
• Use stoichiometry to compare quantities of reactants and products and estimate reaction yields.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish physical changes from chemical changes by identifying evidence of new substances.
• Use examples to explain how matter changes can involve rearranging or forming new materials.
• Identify and describe signs of chemical change, such as gas production, color change, and permanent texture changes.

Learning Objectives

• Analyze societal and environmental challenges to define measurable criteria and constraints.
• Formulate qualitative and quantitative performance metrics for solutions.
• Evaluate multiple design approaches based on defined criteria and constraints.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the difference between physical and chemical changes.
• Identify examples of physical changes in matter.
• Recognize evidence that indicates a chemical change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principle of matter conservation in biological systems.
• Identify how chemical elements cycle through ecosystems.
• Explain the importance of matter movement for ecosystem productivity.

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish between physical changes and chemical changes by identifying evidence of new substances.
• Classify common matter changes using observable clues such as gas formation, color change, and permanence.
• Use accurate science vocabulary (substance, state, reaction, evidence) to explain why a change is physical or chemical.

Learning Objectives

• Create computational models to analyze energy transfers among system components.
• Use computational representations to relate heat, work, and energy stored in gravitational or elastic forms.
• Compare predicted energy exchanges to data, emphasizing total energy conservation.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of active transport in cellular processes.
• Identify the role of cellular energy (ATP) in moving molecules against concentration gradients.
• Recognize the function of cellular pumps like the sodium-potassium pump.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe the geometric model of the Moon's orbit and how it explains lunar phases.
• Identify the sequence and timing of lunar phases based on the Moon's relative position to the Sun and Earth.
• Apply the lunar phases model to predict moon illumination and phases over observation periods.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the difference between speed, velocity, and acceleration
• Identify scalar and vector quantities related to motion
• Interpret motion scenarios qualitatively, including constant and changing motion+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to create and interpret a computational model for energy transfer analysis.
• Relate heat, work, and stored energy in various physical systems.
• Apply conservation of energy principles across components and system boundaries.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how atomic bonding and molecular structure relate to observable substance properties.
• Use particle models to predict patterns in melting/boiling state, solubility, and reactivity trends.
• Differentiate properties of polar and nonpolar substances and of extended structures such as polymers and crystals.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient using cellular energy and membrane proteins.
• Describe the sodium-potassium pump and its role in maintaining electrochemical gradients for nerve and muscle function.
• Compare active transport with passive diffusion and identify examples of vesicular transport (endocytosis and exocytosis).

Learning Objectives

• Analyze societal and global challenges to define qualitative and quantitative criteria.
• Formulate measurable constraints and performance metrics for problem-solving.
• Develop conceptual models to generate multiple design approaches.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define active transport and explain its importance in cells.
• Identify key proteins involved in active transport, such as the sodium-potassium pump.
• Differentiate between active transport and passive diffusion.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify how the relative positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon determine the Moon’s visible phases.
• Use a geometric model to predict which phase (crescent, quarter, gibbous, or full) matches a viewpoint.
• Explain how the Moon’s illuminated fraction appears to change over about one lunar month.

Learning Objectives

• Explain conservation of energy as an accounting framework for energy transfers and transformations in a system.
• Identify how mechanical energy can decrease while thermal and other energy forms increase due to friction.
• Use energy-form descriptions to predict energy changes for real-world situations such as sliding objects or slowing vehicles.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to model energy transfers among system components using computational representations.
• Apply principles of energy conservation to predict energy flow in various systems.
• Relate heat, work, and stored energy in gravitational and elastic forms through computational models.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the processes involved in fossil formation and preservation.
• Learn how different dating methods establish the age of fossils.
• Identify the significance of fossils in understanding Earth's biological history.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the main factors influencing Earth's climate, including solar flux, albedo, greenhouse gases, and ocean heat transport.
• Analyze how variations in these factors contribute to climate phenomena such as ice-sheet changes and El Niño–Southern Oscillation.
• Interpret observational records and paleoclimate proxies to assess climate variability and trends.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic principles of energy transfer between system components
• Recognize different forms of energy such as heat, work, gravitational potential, and elastic potential
• Create basic computational models to simulate energy exchanges+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how solar flux, albedo, greenhouse gases, and ocean heat transport influence Earth's climate patterns.
• Interpret observational records and climate proxies to understand short-term variability and long-term trends.
• Analyze the interactions between surface and atmospheric energy exchanges that cause phenomena such as ice-sheet changes and El Niño.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic concepts of speed, velocity, and acceleration in motion.
• Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities related to motion.
• Interpret motion scenarios qualitatively and relate them to displacement, time, and rate of change.

Learning Objectives

• Describe how a Sun–Earth–Moon geometric model predicts lunar phase illumination from a viewpoint
• Use the model to explain the sequence of crescent, quarter, gibbous, and full Moon phases
• Relate observed changes in phase over time to the Moon’s apparent motion and the synodic period

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principle that energy is neither created nor destroyed; it is transferred and transformed.
• Identify different forms of energy, such as kinetic, potential, thermal, and mechanical.
• Explain how energy conservation applies in various physical situations, including friction and motion.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how the relative positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon determine lunar phases
• Use a simple geometric model to predict which phase will be visible from Earth
• Describe the sequence of lunar phases and relate it to the synodic period

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish speed, velocity, and acceleration using everyday motion examples.
• Classify quantities as scalars or vectors and explain why direction matters for velocity.
• Interpret motion scenarios qualitatively and relate displacement, time, and rate of change.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the process of defining societal and global challenges through qualitative and quantitative criteria.
• Identify key constraints and performance metrics in problem formulation such as urban water supply, renewable energy, and transit capacity.
• Learn how to construct conceptual models that generate multiple design approaches for evaluation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to predict products of chemical reactions based on reactant identities and reaction patterns.
• Apply conservation of atoms to balance chemical equations and determine possible products.
• Use stoichiometry to convert between masses and moles for estimating reaction yields.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how precipitation returns water to Earth and describe examples of precipitation types.
• Describe infiltration and runoff and how they affect soil moisture and groundwater recharge.
• Use gravity and landscape features to predict how water moves across or into the ground.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of active transport and how it moves molecules against concentration gradients.
• Identify the role of ATP and membrane proteins such as pumps in cellular transport.
• Explain the function of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining electrochemical gradients.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the law of conservation of energy using the idea that energy is transferred and transformed rather than created or destroyed
• Identify common energy transfers between mechanical energy, thermal energy, sound, and other forms
• Use energy-conservation reasoning to account for why moving objects slow down or stop