Grade 9 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain Newton’s second law in terms of net force, acceleration, and mass
• Predict the direction and relative size of acceleration from unbalanced forces
• Use vector thinking to combine forces by direction, not just magnitude+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how disturbances can change ecosystem stability by altering biotic interactions and environmental conditions
• Compare gradual versus rapid ecosystem shifts using evidence from population trends and community structure
• Describe how feedback processes and recovery rates influence whether an ecosystem returns or transforms+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Recognize the basic process of meiosis.
• Understand how genetic variation is generated during meiosis.
• Identify the roles of crossing over and independent assortment.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the wave and photon descriptions of electromagnetic radiation.
• Relate frequency to photon energy and interactions with matter.
• Identify characteristic phenomena such as atomic emission and absorption lines.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define resistance and resilience in ecosystems.
• Describe how ecosystems respond to disturbances.
• Identify factors affecting ecosystem resilience.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe the behavior of electric and magnetic fields and how they interact with charges and currents.
• Explain the concept of superposition and how field vectors combine.
• Analyze forces on moving charges in magnetic fields and predict their trajectories using vector relationships.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how chemical and physical weathering change rock into soil and regolith over time
• Describe how mass wasting and sediment transport move materials across hillslopes and floodplains
• Connect atmospheric forcing (such as rainfall) and hydrologic input to geomorphic change and landform patterns+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how phylogenetic trees represent hypotheses of common descent using shared derived characters and branching order.
• Interpret how morphological data and molecular sequence data can be used to infer relationships.
• Describe how cladistics and tree-building methods (parsimony and distance) differ in their logic.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how magnetic fields are produced by permanent magnets and moving electric charges.
• Use field-line ideas to predict how magnets and currents interact.
• Describe how the direction of current relates to the direction of the magnetic field for simple cases.

Learning Objectives

• Describe the main components of the water cycle
• Identify how surface and subsurface water flows are measured
• Explain the relationship between precipitation, evapotranspiration, and streamflow+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Evaluate quantifiable human–Earth interactions affecting water, soil, mineral, and energy resources using indicators such as extraction rates and land-use change metrics.
• Interpret resource trends in the context of natural variability and system thresholds, addressing consequences like subsidence and soil erosion.
• Use comparative datasets and ratio-based measures to assess sustainability implications and connect local resource changes to broader Earth system responses.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the significance of atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements over time.
• Analyze data trends like the Keeling Curve to understand greenhouse gas changes.
• Identify human activities contributing to increased CO2 levels such as fossil fuel use and deforestation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how transcription converts DNA information into messenger RNA using promoters and terminators.
• Describe how translation uses codons, transfer RNA, and the ribosome to build polypeptides.
• Identify factors that can regulate gene expression at transcriptional and translational stages.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how reproductive isolation, geographic separation, and genetic divergence can lead to speciation
• Compare allopatric and sympatric speciation and identify real-world examples of each
• Describe how hybrid zones and polyploidy can influence the formation of new species+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe the main steps of the Calvin cycle’s carbon-fixation stage.
• Explain how ATP and NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide into an organic intermediate.
• Identify key molecules involved at the beginning of the Calvin cycle.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy in chloroplasts
• Describe the roles of pigments, electron transport chains, and ATP/NADPH in carbon fixation
• Identify key inputs and outputs of photosynthesis, including oxygen release

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic principles of light microscopy
• Identify main components of a light microscope and their functions
• Describe how light microscopes produce magnified images+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s axial tilt affects sunlight angle and seasonal temperature patterns in each hemisphere
• Describe how Earth’s orbit changes day length and solar energy reaching the surface over the year
• Use Sun–Earth geometry to predict seasonal differences and connect them to weather and environmental cycles

Learning Objectives

• Explain how igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks connect through rock-cycle processes.
• Identify key driving forces (energy sources and rates) and the role of plate tectonics in uplift and burial.
• Use field evidence such as sedimentary layering, igneous intrusions, and foliated textures to infer rock-cycle pathways.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how net force determines the direction and magnitude of an object's acceleration
• Apply Newton’s second law ideas to predict how changes in net force and mass affect acceleration
• Use real-world examples (like a pushed cart) to describe combined effects of multiple forces+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession affect seasonal insolation patterns.
• Describe tidal forcing by the Moon and Sun using ideas of gravitational gradients and relative geometry.
• Connect tidal locking, resonance, and observational effects such as day length and tidal range.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the conservation of mass principle in closed systems during chemical reactions
• Use mass accounting to predict how total mass of reactants compares to total mass of products
• Distinguish true mass conservation in sealed conditions from apparent mass changes caused by gas exchange

Learning Objectives

• Understand how feedback loops, redundancy, and cross-regulation contribute to system coordination in the body.
• Identify examples of multi-system responses during exercise and how they maintain homeostasis.
• Explain how disruptions in one component can cascade and affect overall organism health.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic concept of seafloor spreading
• Identify evidence for seafloor spreading, such as magnetic striping
• Explain the importance of seafloor age progression and spreading rates+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how inherited traits can increase fitness in a given environment
• Describe how natural selection changes allele frequencies over multiple generations
• Connect adaptation at the population level to evidence such as camouflage or feeding efficiency+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Use measurements and models to support or challenge explanations of motion, energy transfer, forces, and waves.
• Evaluate competing explanations by comparing them to quantitative data and by checking whether key assumptions are stated clearly.
• Connect variables using model-based patterns and explain how predictions relate to observed results.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how reservoirs in the carbon and water cycles influence environmental processes.
• Explain the role of feedback mechanisms in climate systems.
• Analyze the impact of energy flow on evaporation, winds, and temperature.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how conservation of atoms connects to conservation of mass when system boundaries are defined correctly.
• Distinguish between open and closed systems and predict how escaped gases affect measured mass.
• Use mass measurements (reactants and products) to evaluate whether accounting for all phases is complete.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand basic weather measurements such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure.
• Recognize how these measurements relate to observable weather patterns like cloud formation and storm activity.
• Explore how short-term weather data can indicate daily conditions and long-term data can reveal climate trends.

Learning Objectives

• Define heat transfer and work transfer in physical and chemical changes.
• Differentiate between heat and work as pathways of energy transfer.
• Identify real-life examples of heat transfer and work.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how genetic technologies can create ecological, economic, and health risks and benefits.
• Describe the idea of risk assessment, including uncertainty and long-term monitoring.
• Evaluate trade-offs using Alberta-relevant examples such as canola introgression and cattle genetics.

Learning Objectives

• Define and describe different types of ecosystem services including provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting functions.
• Explain the role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem services such as pollination and water purification.
• Analyze how land-use change, pollution, and climate shifts affect ecosystem service capacity and distribution.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how net force is found by adding forces as vectors (including direction).
• Use net force to predict changes in motion, including acceleration or equilibrium.
• Identify how opposing forces like friction and air resistance affect the resultant force.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic motions of planets within the solar system.
• Describe the Earth's rotation and its effects on day and night.
• Explain the significance of planetary orbits and their paths around the Sun.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of chemical properties and how they differ from physical properties
• Identify examples of chemical properties such as flammability, reactivity, oxidation, and stability
• Learn to observe indicators of chemical change including formation of new substances, gas evolution, precipitates, and color change+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe wave properties using amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and phase.
• Relate wave speed to frequency and wavelength using v = f × λ.
• Use ideas of superposition and interference to explain patterns in waves.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems work together to maintain complex functions in multicellular organisms.
• Describe how specialization at smaller scales supports processes such as support, transport, regulation, and coordination at larger scales.
• Use cause-and-effect reasoning to connect structure at one level to function at the next level.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how melting, crystallization, weathering, transport, deposition, and metamorphism transform rock materials
• Distinguish physical vs. chemical weathering and relate them to sediment composition
• Connect rock-cycle processes to tectonic settings such as mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, and continental interiors+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define what an element is based on its atomic number and chemical symbol.
• Describe how atomic models represent atomic identity.
• Identify representative elements and understand the significance of atomic mass and notation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the differences between mixtures and solutions
• Identify the parts of a solution: solute and solvent
• Explain the concept of concentration in solutions+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand Earth's rotation and how it causes day and night
• Identify the observable effects of Earth's rotation from a terrestrial perspective
• Distinguish between solar and sidereal days+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how hormonal feedback maintains blood glucose levels.
• Identify roles of insulin and glucagon in energy balance.
• Explain negative feedback mechanisms regulating glucose.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Use constant-acceleration (kinematics) equations to relate displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time.
• Apply a consistent sign convention and unit analysis when solving physics motion problems.
• Solve numerical problems by substituting known values into standard kinematics equations and checking whether results are physically reasonable.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify ionic bonds and understand electron transfer
• Recognize the characteristics of ionic bonds
• Differentiate ionic bonds from covalent and metallic bonds

Learning Objectives

• Define scientific arguments using a claim–evidence–reasoning structure and identify each part in an example.
• Evaluate how coherent, relevant, and logically connected evidence strengthens a scientific argument.
• Explain how quantitative evidence, model comparisons, assumptions, limitations, and uncertainty affect the strength of conclusions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how nucleic acid information can direct the sequence of amino acids in proteins.
• Describe how protein three-dimensional structure helps determine cellular function.
• Connect protein structure to the roles of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main components of the solar system
• Describe the relative sizes and distances of planets from the Sun
• Understand the concept of scale in astronomical observations+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how electrical safety standards reduce shock and fire risk in homes, buildings, and outdoor installations.
• Interpret common protective device labels and explain the purpose of grounding, insulation, and overcurrent protection.
• Apply safety reasoning to decide whether an installation practice is likely to meet accepted safety and reliability criteria in Alberta conditions.