Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain how shared derived characters support hypotheses of evolutionary relationships in phylogenetic trees.
• Distinguish homologous similarities from analogous similarities caused by convergent evolution.
• Describe how molecular clock models and statistical methods can estimate divergence times and assess tree reliability.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how allele frequencies and demographic parameters change over time in population dynamics.
• Connect evolutionary forces (selection, drift, gene flow, mutation) to observable patterns in populations.
• Use Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium as a baseline to identify when evolutionary forces may be acting.

Learning Objectives

• Apply Le Chatelier’s principle to predict how equilibrium shifts when concentration, pressure, or temperature changes.
• Determine which side of a gaseous equilibrium will be favored based on relative moles of gas and pressure changes.
• Explain how temperature changes depend on reaction enthalpy and how catalysts affect reaction rates without changing equilibrium position.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how wing features like camber, thickness, and aspect ratio affect lift and stall behavior.
• Compare wing designs for different mission profiles, such as gliders versus short-field agricultural aircraft.
• Use evidence from a passage to answer questions about pressure, drag, and maneuverability.

Learning Objectives

• Describe how the Sun, Moon, planets, and constellations appear to move in predictable patterns from a fixed location
• Explain how seasonal star patterns can be used to recognize characteristic times of year
• Compare how planets change position more slowly than constellations against the background stars+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how population-scale sequencing and high-resolution genomic data support disease risk prediction and conservation genetics.
• Describe how personalized medicine uses genotype information and why consent and privacy matter.
• Evaluate potential benefits and risks of interventions such as gene drives, including biosafety and long-term ecological impacts.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how current, voltage, and power are measured and what each quantity describes in a circuit.
• Use units (amperes, volts, watts, joules, and kilowatt-hours) to interpret electricity data accurately.
• Describe how energy transfer over time relates to device energy use in practical situations.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how friction and drag oppose motion and why they differ in how they act
• Use coefficients of friction (static vs. kinetic) and ideas about normal force to predict frictional behavior
• Describe how drag increases with speed and leads to terminal velocity when forces balance+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how changing magnetic flux and relative motion can produce an electromotive force (EMF).
• Describe how an induced current is affected by the rate of change of flux and the number of turns in a coil.
• Connect electromagnetic induction to real systems such as transformers and electrical generators.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the purpose of sampling methods and why samples must represent a larger population or area
• Compare random, stratified, and systematic sampling and describe when each may be useful
• Use sampling choices to predict how strong (or limited) the conclusions from data might be

Learning Objectives

• Explain how environmental pressures change allele frequencies through differential survival and reproduction
• Differentiate patterns of selection (directional, stabilizing, disruptive) and predict their outcomes
• Use examples such as antibiotic resistance to connect natural selection to observable evolutionary change

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy technologies convert energy into usable power and identify common devices used for conversion
• Evaluate energy technologies using efficiency, emissions over the lifecycle, and fuel renewability
• Compare technologies for specific applications by considering trade-offs such as scalability and infrastructure demands+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how membrane-bound and non-membrane-bound organelles contribute to specialized functions in eukaryotic cells.
• Connect organelle structure to function (e.g., chloroplasts for photosynthesis and mitochondria for cellular respiration).
• Describe how organelle abundance can vary by tissue type and environmental conditions in Alberta landscapes.

Learning Objectives

• Match data types to the most appropriate graph (line, bar, or scatter plot).
• Choose a suitable scale and axis labels to avoid misleading graph impressions.
• Use annotations to highlight important patterns or relationships in data.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how orbital eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession change Earth’s incoming solar energy over long timescales.
• Describe how variations in insolation influence the growth and melting of ice sheets and seasonal patterns.
• Connect geological evidence (glacial and interglacial periods) to orbital forcing and climate feedbacks.

Learning Objectives

• Differentiate independent, dependent, and controlled variables in an investigation.
• Explain why scientists hold control variables constant and use operational definitions.
• Interpret how measurement consistency helps reveal real patterns in environmental data.

Learning Objectives

• Use VSEPR to predict molecular shape and relate shape to polarity and dipole alignment
• Compare intermolecular forces (London dispersion, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonding) using molecular examples
• Explain how intermolecular forces affect melting and boiling points, including real-world regional phenomena

Learning Objectives

• Explain how species interactions (competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism) influence community structure and biodiversity.
• Describe how niches and competitive exclusion affect which species can coexist in the same habitat.
• Use interaction ideas to predict possible cascading effects in an ecosystem.

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish physical changes from chemical changes using observable evidence and product identity
• Explain how phase changes and dissolving differ from reactions that form new substances
• Identify signs of chemical change such as gas production, precipitate formation, and energy changes

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between a habitat and a niche in an ecosystem
• Describe how niche overlap can lead to competition and limit population growth
• Use examples of resource partitioning to explain how species can coexist

Learning Objectives

• Explain how sea-floor spreading at mid-ocean ridges creates new oceanic crust.
• Describe how magnetic stripes form and why they appear symmetrically on both sides of a ridge.
• Interpret relationships among magnetic anomaly patterns, radiometric ages, and plate motion.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how linear momentum is defined and used to analyze interactions between objects
• Differentiate elastic and inelastic collisions in terms of momentum and kinetic energy
• Use the impulse-momentum relationship to predict how force and time change momentum+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how radioactive decay follows quantitative laws using half-life and activity.
• Apply conservation of nucleon number to interpret nuclear reactions.
• Relate nuclear reaction energetics to energy release and safety considerations.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the limiting reagent from a balanced chemical equation and given reactant quantities.
• Calculate theoretical yield and percent yield using stoichiometric ratios.
• Explain how excess reagents and incomplete conversion affect product formation in real processes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how evolution describes change in populations over generations through inherited traits
• Identify key evidence for evolution, including fossils, biogeography, and comparative anatomy and molecules
• Distinguish between common ancestry and adaptation as outcomes of descent with modification

Learning Objectives

• Define linear momentum and explain how impulse relates to changes in momentum
• Describe how momentum is conserved in an isolated system and distinguish external forces from internal forces
• Compare elastic and inelastic collisions using momentum conservation and kinetic energy outcomes+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how chemical properties describe how substances react and transform.
• Identify observable evidence (such as gas, color change, or pH shift) that indicates a chemical property.
• Predict likely outcomes of reactions using flammability, oxidation tendency, and acid-base behavior.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how conservation of momentum applies to systems with changing mass.
• Relate mass ejection or accretion to thrust and changes in a vehicle’s velocity.
• Connect mass flow rate and exhaust velocity to vehicle acceleration and propulsion design.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how magnetic fields are produced by moving charges and electrical currents
• Describe how magnetic forces act on moving charges and how they affect particle motion
• Use magnetic field line diagrams to infer direction around magnets and currents+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how apparent solar motion relates to solar noon and local solar time.
• Describe why solar time and clock time differ (longitude, time zones, and the equation of time).
• Connect Alberta examples of solar timekeeping to adjustments for civil schedules.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s rotation and the direction of sunlight create day and night
• Describe how Earth’s axial tilt and orbit cause seasonal changes in day length
• Connect patterns of daylight in Alberta to Earth’s orientation and yearly position

Learning Objectives

• Explain how disturbances (fire, flood, landslide, windthrow) change habitats and trigger succession.
• Describe how disturbance frequency, intensity, and spatial scale affect diversity and population trends.
• Identify examples of species adapted to disturbance regimes and species that may be locally lost.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the four main tissue types in multicellular animals (epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous).
• Describe the main functions of each tissue type and how they help organs work.
• Use tissue types to explain structures and how cells work together in the body.

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish between London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding and identify which occurs in different substances.
• Explain how intermolecular forces affect melting points, boiling points, surface tension, and solubility.
• Use molecular polarity and hydrogen-bonding criteria (N, O, F bonded to H) to predict qualitative behavior in condensed phases.

Learning Objectives

• Explain dynamic chemical equilibrium and how equal forward and reverse reaction rates lead to constant concentrations over time.
• Use Le Châtelier’s principle qualitatively to predict how changes in conditions shift an equilibrium position.
• Interpret the equilibrium constant (K) to determine whether reactants or products are favored.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain what efficiency metrics measure and why results depend on system boundaries and time scales.
• Interpret percent efficiency, EROI, COP, and LCOE to compare different energy technologies.
• Evaluate trade-offs by connecting efficiency metrics to emissions, land use, and reliability needs.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how tree growth rings form and what information they can provide about a tree’s age and growth conditions.
• Describe how ring width and ring density can reflect seasonal moisture, temperature, and disturbances such as drought or insect outbreaks.
• Use dendrochronology methods to infer past environmental and climate patterns from growth ring records.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how habitat fragmentation, pollution, overexploitation, invasive species, and land-use change affect biodiversity.
• Describe how climate change shifts species ranges and phenology, and how these pressures can interact.
• Evaluate how human actions influence population size, species interactions, and genetic diversity.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how geographic isolation and ecological divergence can reduce or stop gene flow between populations.
• Describe how chromosomal changes and reproductive barriers can lead to speciation.
• Evaluate how hybridization and adaptive radiation can produce new lineages.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow change allele frequencies over time.
• Describe how environmental pressures can produce adaptation and increased diversity in populations.
• Analyze how small population size makes genetic drift especially influential.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how variation, differential survival, and reproduction can change allele frequencies over generations
• Compare key evolutionary mechanisms (natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation) and describe their effects
• Use multiple lines of evidence (fossil record, biogeography, comparative anatomy, and molecular similarity) to support the idea of evolution

Learning Objectives

• Explain how DNA and protein sequence similarities can indicate relatedness among organisms.
• Describe how molecular clocks use mutation rates to estimate divergence times.
• Interpret how conserved genes and shared genetic markers support common ancestry.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus move among the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
• Describe the roles of weathering, biological uptake, and decomposition in shaping atmospheric and ocean chemistry.
• Analyze how human activity changes biogeochemical cycle rates and reservoirs, and how natural feedbacks can regulate long-term concentrations.

Learning Objectives

• Explain conservation of energy in an isolated system and describe how energy can change forms.
• Differentiate between mechanical energy (kinetic and potential) and nonconservative transfers (such as heat from friction).
• Use energy-conversion reasoning to predict motion outcomes for real-world situations.

Learning Objectives

• Integrate biological, chemical, and physical evidence to justify a defensible recommendation.
• Apply multi-criteria decision frameworks while clearly stating assumptions and limitations.
• Use quantitative reasoning and uncertainty language to evaluate competing solutions for regional challenges.

Learning Objectives

• Apply Ohm’s law to analyze relationships between voltage, current, and resistance in circuit problems.
• Use series and parallel circuit principles to compare current, voltage, and equivalent resistance.
• Use Kirchhoff’s rules to reason about voltage drops and consistency of current in a circuit.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify Earth’s internal layers (crust, mantle, outer core, inner core) and describe key properties of each.
• Explain how seismic-wave observations provide evidence for layer boundaries and internal composition.
• Use evidence-based reasoning to connect seismic records and density/phase changes to tectonic and geodynamic processes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how near-linear alignment of the Sun, Earth, and Moon leads to solar and lunar eclipses.
• Describe how orbital inclination and imperfect alignment determine whether an eclipse appears partial, total, or annular.
• Connect orbital geometry to why eclipses are relatively rare at a specific location.