Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain the stages of ecological succession and how they change over time after a disturbance.
• Analyze how abiotic factors (soil, climate, light, moisture) influence which species can establish.
• Evaluate how species interactions and productivity shift during succession.

Learning Objectives

• Compare mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome behavior, division steps, and resulting ploidy.
• Explain how homologous recombination (crossing over) increases genetic variation.
• Analyze how nondisjunction and chromosome segregation errors lead to aneuploidy and altered phenotypes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Choose appropriate graphical or tabular representations for different kinds of variables and questions.
• Interpret key features of graphs (labels, scales, trend direction, slope, intercepts, and error bars).
• Describe patterns using correct terminology and decide when interpolation or extrapolation is appropriate.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how plate tectonics accounts for continental drift, mountain building, volcanism, and sea-floor spreading
• Distinguish convergent, divergent, and transform plate boundaries and relate each to common landforms and hazards
• Connect heat transfer and mantle convection to subduction and long-term crustal recycling

Learning Objectives

• Identify producers, consumers, and decomposers and describe what each role does in a food chain
• Determine trophic levels (primary, secondary, tertiary) and explain how energy transfers between levels
• Compare linear food chains with networked food webs and explain why energy loss affects population size and stability

Learning Objectives

• Analyze how technology can create short-term and long-term social, economic, and environmental impacts.
• Evaluate trade-offs using cost-benefit reasoning and identify unintended consequences.
• Explain how policy responses and ethical considerations can help mitigate harm from technological change.

Learning Objectives

• Identify major eukaryotic cell organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cell membrane) and describe their primary functions.
• Explain how organelle specialization supports cell survival and contributes to tissue and organ performance in multicellular organisms.
• Connect cellular energy capture in producers (photosynthesis) versus consumers (cellular respiration) to larger-scale ecological interactions.

Learning Objectives

• Evaluate scientific claims by analyzing evidence quality and study methods.
• Distinguish correlation from causation and identify logical gaps or fallacies.
• Consider alternative explanations and confounding variables when interpreting data.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain projectile motion using independent horizontal and vertical components under gravity
• Apply kinematics relationships to determine time of flight, range, and maximum height
• Interpret and evaluate statements about projectile motion concepts and assumptions

Learning Objectives

• Explain how different energy technologies convert energy into usable electricity or mechanical power
• Evaluate energy technologies using efficiency, renewability, lifecycle emissions, and waste considerations
• Use energy return on investment (EROI) and related metrics to compare technologies for specific applications+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain Newton’s Second Law by relating net force, mass, and acceleration.
• Determine how acceleration changes when net force increases/decreases or mass changes.
• Use vector reasoning to find the direction of acceleration from multiple forces.

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures using observable properties
• Explain how solutions form, including the roles of solute, solvent, and solubility
• Describe saturation and predict what happens when more solute is added to a solution+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify ecosystem components (producers, consumers, decomposers) and describe their trophic roles
• Explain abiotic factors and how climate shapes biome structure and community composition
• Model energy flow and matter cycling using examples such as food webs and energy pyramids+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain power as the rate of energy transfer or the rate of doing work
• Use time and energy information to compare power in different situations
• Interpret real-world examples (such as appliances and motors) using rate reasoning

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s lithosphere is divided into moving tectonic plates over geologic time
• Describe how plate boundaries (divergent, convergent, transform) affect landforms and geologic hazards
• Use evidence such as matching coastlines, seafloor features, and earthquake patterns to support the plate tectonics model

Learning Objectives

• Explain how filtration and sieving separate mixtures using particle size and a barrier or screen
• Identify the correct method for separating different mixtures (sand-water, flour-grain sorting)
• Describe how the design of a filter or sieve affects what passes through and what gets trapped

Learning Objectives

• Explain how catabolic and anabolic pathways connect to meet an organism’s energy needs across tissues
• Describe how hormonal and nutrient signals redirect metabolic intermediates toward ATP production, storage, or biosynthesis
• Compare immediate post-translational control with longer-term changes in enzyme expression and organelle activity

Learning Objectives

• Define states of matter in terms of particle arrangement and particle motion (energy).
• Describe and distinguish phase changes: melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, and sublimation.
• Explain how temperature and pressure affect phase transitions, including boiling point changes with atmospheric pressure.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other for resources and survival
• Describe how predators, prey, competition, and mutualism affect population sizes
• Predict how a change in one population can ripple through a community

Learning Objectives

• Explain how anthropogenic pollutants enter aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through different exposure pathways.
• Describe how pollution can affect organism health and disrupt food web integrity.
• Connect pollutant sources (nutrient runoff, hydrocarbons, airborne deposition) to measurable ecological changes.

Learning Objectives

• Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration by tracing their inputs and outputs at the cellular level.
• Explain how carbon atoms and energy change forms as they move through autotrophs and heterotrophs.
• Use reaction and system-scale comparisons to interpret reciprocal relationships between processes.

Learning Objectives

• Identify essential parts of a science data table, including clear column headings and units
• Explain why consistent time stamps and metadata improve data quality and reusability
• Interpret and revise data tables by checking for clarity, completeness, and consistent conventions

Learning Objectives

• Explain how positive and negative feedbacks affect Earth system changes
• Use specific examples (water vapor, ice albedo, clouds) to describe feedback pathways
• Evaluate how human activities can strengthen or weaken feedback mechanisms

Learning Objectives

• Explain how comparing a substance’s properties before and after an interaction can indicate what changed.
• Identify evidence that a new substance formed versus a physical change without forming a new substance.
• Use property clues (color change, gas, solid, new material) to reason about chemical vs. physical changes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain why DNA replication is semiconservative and how template strands guide new strand synthesis
• Describe the roles of helicase, primase, and DNA polymerase in producing leading and lagging strands
• Compare leading-strand synthesis and lagging-strand synthesis, including Okazaki fragments+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how lift, drag, and stability relate to aerodynamic design choices.
• Describe how changes in wing curvature, aspect ratio, and surface area can affect performance.
• Use real-world examples (kites and model gliders) to make predictions about aerodynamic outcomes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how atomic structure and particle models help predict substance properties such as solubility and states of matter.
• Compare polar and nonpolar molecular arrangements and relate them to interactions with water.
• Use particle models to describe how extended structures (polymers and crystalline solids) influence observable behaviors.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how hazard risk is evaluated using occurrence, frequency, and consequences for earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, hurricanes, and floods.
• Use ideas from probabilistic models and historical records to interpret return-period information and its limits.
• Describe how exposure, vulnerability, and cascading system effects influence community and infrastructure susceptibility.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Represent chemical change using balanced symbolic chemical equations with correct stoichiometric coefficients and state symbols.
• Apply the law of conservation of mass to produce balanced equations and interpret mole ratios quantitatively.
• Classify reactions as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or combustion and identify precipitation reactions using net ionic equations.

Learning Objectives

• Describe how the sign and magnitude of electric charge determine attraction and repulsion
• Use Coulomb’s law to reason about the force between two charges at a distance
• Interpret electric field lines to predict the direction and relative strength of electric fields+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish key interspecific interaction types (competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism) and predict likely effects on populations.
• Explain how energy flow through food webs and trophic efficiency influence biomass distribution and ecosystem functioning.
• Apply ecological concepts to Alberta examples (aspen–mycorrhizal mutualism and wolf–elk–vegetation cascades) to reason about community resilience and biodiversity.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how enzyme kinetics influence cellular metabolism and metabolic flux
• Describe feedback inhibition and how regulatory motifs balance energy production and biosynthesis
• Evaluate how compartmentalization and environmental conditions affect enzyme activity in Alberta species+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between primary and secondary ecological succession after disturbance or colonization.
• Identify how species turnover and changing resource availability drive changes in community composition over time.
• Use cause-and-effect reasoning to describe feedbacks that influence habitat conditions and ecosystem stability.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Interpret coefficient ratios in a balanced chemical equation to relate relative amounts of reactants and products.
• Use mass conservation to explain how total mass is conserved during reactions such as corrosion and fuel combustion.
• Calculate and justify reaction quantities using proportional reasoning and relative masses.

Learning Objectives

• Explain major patterns and causes of biodiversity loss, including habitat fragmentation, invasive species, overexploitation, and climate change.
• Compare species richness, evenness, functional diversity, and genetic diversity as different measures of biodiversity.
• Evaluate conservation strategies such as protected areas, restoration ecology, and genetic management using real-world examples.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how protected areas, habitat restoration, and sustainable management help preserve biodiversity.
• Analyze how invasive species control and ex situ conservation reduce extinction risk.
• Evaluate how policy interventions, monitoring, and adaptive management improve long-term conservation outcomes.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how physiological regulation maintains internal stability using sensors, control centers, and effectors.
• Distinguish negative feedback from positive feedback and predict their overall effects on body variables.
• Apply the regulatory logic to real physiological examples such as glucose control and blood pressure reflexes.

Learning Objectives

• Apply particle theory and classification of mixtures/phases to explain nutrient cycling and contaminant transport in environmental systems.
• Use mass conservation (mass balance) to relate inputs, outputs, and internal storage in closed or semi-closed system scenarios.
• Interpret chemical signatures and measurements to identify probable sources (inputs) and sinks (removal processes) in a watershed or contaminated site.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how push and pull forces can change an object’s state of motion.
• Distinguish between contact forces and non-contact forces with real-life examples.
• Describe the relationship between net force and resulting acceleration in qualitative terms.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how dissolved ions affect solubility equilibria in industrial and municipal water systems.
• Describe how temperature changes influence precipitation, scaling, and corrosion risk.
• Interpret chemical data to predict likely material and environmental consequences.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how proxy archives (tree rings, lake sediments, peat deposits) preserve evidence of past climate variability.
• Describe how scientists extract and validate temporal signals in proxy records.
• Interpret how proxy evidence can reconstruct past temperature, precipitation, and fire regimes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy is transformed during photosynthesis and cellular respiration, including light reactions, Calvin cycle, aerobic respiration, and anaerobic pathways.
• Describe how electron transport chains and chemiosmosis generate ATP in mitochondria or chloroplasts.
• Compare energy yield and constraints (e.g., oxygen availability and metabolic rate limits) across cellular pathways.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how convection transports heat through fluid motion driven by density changes
• Compare natural convection and forced convection using real-world examples (atmosphere, reservoirs, HVAC)
• Use boundary layer and buoyancy ideas to describe flow patterns and seasonal temperature changes

Learning Objectives

• Explain how adaptive radiation leads to rapid diversification from a single ancestral lineage into multiple species
• Describe the roles of ecological niches, key innovations, and varying selective pressures in driving trait and behavior differences
• Interpret how models help scientists study rates of lineage splitting and trait evolution over time and space

Learning Objectives

• Explain how tectonic stress and rock strength lead to sudden slip along faults during earthquakes.
• Compare normal, reverse, and strike-slip fault motion and connect each type to local stress regimes.
• Describe how earthquake waves travel through Earth and how depth, magnitude, and local geology affect intensity.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how water moves through the atmosphere and hydrosphere during evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration, and groundwater flow.
• Analyze how ocean circulation and currents transport heat and moisture, affecting humidity and pressure patterns.
• Use sea-surface temperature and atmospheric stability to interpret how regional climate can change during events such as El Niño and La Niña.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how habitat fragmentation, land-use change, pollution, overexploitation, invasive species, and climate change affect biodiversity.
• Describe how multiple human pressures can interact and reduce ecosystem resilience and species recovery.
• Analyze how human impacts can lead to ecological changes and evolutionary responses such as adaptation and loss of genetic diversity.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how multiple geoscience records can provide evidence for past climate change over long time scales
• Identify how greenhouse gases, aerosols, and Earth’s reflectivity influence the energy balance and climate
• Evaluate claims about climate change evidence using correct interpretation of data records