Grade 11 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain how photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in organic molecules
• Describe the roles of chlorophyll, light-dependent reactions, and the Calvin cycle
• Interpret how photosynthesis affects oxygen release and carbon availability in ecosystems+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Evaluate scientific explanations by judging the quality and limits of evidence used to support claims.
• Distinguish correlation from cause by looking for mechanisms and patterns across contexts.
• Assess whether explanations consider alternative hypotheses and can be tested fairly against the same evidence.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how evidence supports or weakens scientific explanations using patterns in data.
• Differentiate reliable evidence from unreliable evidence by considering measurement error and reproducibility.
• Identify key qualities of strong data: relevance, precision, and consistency across comparable conditions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific models represent, describe, and predict natural phenomena when direct observation is limited
• Identify how models link variables and connect evidence to scientific reasoning
• Evaluate whether a model’s predictions logically follow from its assumptions and structure

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific models change when new evidence or improved methods reveal gaps.
• Describe the process of comparing model predictions to evidence and revising assumptions or structure.
• Distinguish between restarting science and updating models based on accumulated findings.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific thinking connects observations to evidence-based explanations.
• Describe how scientific inquiry can proceed non-linearly and incorporate prior knowledge while remaining open to alternative interpretations.
• Identify characteristics of explanations that count as science, including testability and evaluation by others.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how hybridization models account for molecular geometry and bond angles in covalent molecules.
• Identify the hybridization of common bonding arrangements (sp, sp2, sp3) and connect them to linear, trigonal planar, and tetrahedral shapes.
• Describe how hybrid orbitals form sigma bonds and how unhybridized orbitals can contribute to pi bonding in multiple bonds.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how electron transfer leads to the formation of ions and ionic compounds
• Describe how electrostatic attraction and ionic lattices account for ionic solid properties
• Use lattice energy and ionic charge/size ideas to predict formulas and trends such as solubility

Learning Objectives

• Explain what a mole represents in terms of the number of particles
• Use molar mass to convert between mass and moles
• Solve mole-to-mass/particle/volume conversion problems and interpret stoichiometry in reaction contexts

Learning Objectives

• Classify chemical reactions by patterns such as synthesis, decomposition, displacement, combustion, and redox transformations.
• Predict product relationships and describe how oxidation states change for reaction types.
• Identify whether electron transfer or mainly bond rearrangement dominates using balanced equations and oxidation-state changes.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Use oxidation numbers to identify oxidation, reduction, oxidants, and reductants in redox reactions
• Connect Gibbs free energy, equilibrium, and cell potential to predict reaction spontaneity
• Differentiate galvanic and electrolytic cells and describe electron flow in each+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish between endothermic and exothermic reactions using enthalpy (ΔH) and energy flow.
• Explain how reaction enthalpy relates to bonds broken and bonds formed, including qualitative predictions of heat release/absorption.
• Calculate and interpret reaction enthalpy using standard enthalpies of formation and Hess’s law concepts.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how weathering produces sediments that can be transported by water, wind, ice, and gravity.
• Describe the processes of erosion, transport, and deposition and how they build sedimentary basins.
• Connect sediment compaction and diagenesis to the formation of sedimentary rocks and preserved environmental signals.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how the geologic time scale organizes Earth history into intervals based on major events and fossil assemblages.
• Use relative dating principles (stratigraphic superposition and fossil succession) to determine the sequence of rock layers and events.
• Connect radiometric dating to absolute ages and interpret how rates of deposition, erosion, and tectonic uplift shape landscapes over geologic time.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how thermal-driven circulation in Earth’s mantle can transport heat and redistribute material.
• Describe how upwelling, downwelling, and mantle plumes relate to plate motion and surface tectonics.
• Interpret how seismic tomography and gravity anomalies provide evidence for complex mantle flow patterns.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how hazard management integrates geology, risk assessment, and probability to support decision-making.
• Apply key techniques such as hazard susceptibility mapping and recurrence interval estimation to real-world hazards.
• Evaluate mitigation strategies using cost-benefit thinking and considerations of community values and preparedness.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how hydrothermal, placer (sedimentary sorting), and magmatic processes can form mineral deposits.
• Identify how host rock, depth, accessibility, and geological setting affect whether a deposit is economically viable.
• Describe how extraction methods and environmental considerations shape impacts before and after mining.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how tectonic convergence leads to crustal shortening and vertical uplift during mountain building (orogeny).
• Identify key structural features of orogenic belts, including folded strata, thrust faults, metamorphic cores, and foreland basins.
• Describe how uplift and erosion interact over geologic time to control relief and sedimentation patterns.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the major components of a petroleum system (source rock, thermal maturation, migration, reservoir, seal, and traps).
• Analyze how burial history, basin architecture, and reservoir properties influence hydrocarbon generation and accumulation.
• Evaluate concepts used to assess petroleum system risk, including timing and potential leakage pathways.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how plate tectonics accounts for mountain building and the formation of ocean basins
• Identify key evidence for plate motion, including seafloor magnetic stripes and earthquake patterns
• Differentiate between divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how geological processes create and locate natural resources and how that affects extraction feasibility and cost.
• Identify major geohazards (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, tsunamis) and describe how they threaten communities and infrastructure.
• Evaluate trade-offs between resource development benefits and environmental risks by using spatial, economic, and hazard vulnerability information.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mid-ocean ridges generate new oceanic crust through seafloor spreading.
• Describe how symmetrical magnetic stripe patterns support the idea of Earth’s magnetic field reversals recorded in basalt.
• Interpret evidence such as crust age patterns and ocean-basin bathymetry to support continuous plate movement.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how lithology, fossils, and sedimentary structures are used to interpret depositional environments in stratigraphic columns
• Describe how correlation and unconformities help reconstruct geologic history across regions
• Use facies changes and superposition principles to make evidence-based interpretations of past environments

Learning Objectives

• Identify major cell structures and describe their general functions in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
• Compare internal organization of prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells using the concepts of nucleus and compartmentalization
• Interpret information from microscopy images and schematic cell models+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how cellular respiration releases usable energy through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
• Describe how electrons move through an electron transport chain and how oxygen functions as the final electron acceptor.
• Use chemiosmosis to connect proton pumping, electrochemical gradients, and ATP synthase to ATP production.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how nucleotide subunits form the DNA double helix and how base pairing creates specificity.
• Describe the roles of the sugar-phosphate backbone and antiparallel strands during replication.
• Connect DNA sequence changes (substitutions, insertions, deletions) to effects on genes and protein products.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how ATP acts as the primary energy currency of cells and how ATP hydrolysis releases usable energy
• Describe how phosphorylation couples exergonic and endergonic reactions in order to support biosynthesis, transport, and movement
• Compare where ATP synthesis occurs (mitochondria, chloroplasts) and how proton gradients drive ATP production via chemiosmosis

Learning Objectives

• Explain how genetic mutations arise from replication errors, chemical changes, and environmental mutagens
• Differentiate types of mutations (base substitutions, insertions, deletions, and structural chromosomal changes) and predict likely effects
• Describe how mutations contribute to genetic variation and evolution through selection pressures

Learning Objectives

• Explain how crossing over during prophase I creates new allele combinations during meiosis.
• Describe how independent assortment during metaphase I contributes to genetic variation.
• Model the relationship between chiasmata formation, spindle dynamics, and accurate chromosome segregation.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how selective permeability of the phospholipid bilayer controls diffusion, osmosis, and transport rates.
• Differentiate passive transport processes (diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion) from active transport using ATP and ion gradients.
• Describe how concentration gradients and membrane proteins (channels, carriers, pumps) determine the direction and energy cost of transport.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how allele dominance and recessiveness determine phenotype in simple Mendelian crosses.
• Predict genotype and phenotype ratios for single-gene inheritance using segregation principles.
• Interpret pedigree patterns to infer likely inheritance modes across generations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how heritable variation and differential reproductive success drive allele frequency changes over generations.
• Distinguish directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection and predict outcomes based on environmental pressures.
• Use fitness-based models to interpret how phenotypes affect reproductive success and selection strength.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how light-dependent reactions in the thylakoid membranes convert light energy into ATP and NADPH
• Describe how the Calvin cycle in the stroma uses ATP and NADPH to fix CO2 and form carbohydrates
• Connect electron flow, proton gradient formation, and carbon flux to how photosynthesis supports plant growth and ecosystem energy flow

Learning Objectives

• Explain how shared characters and molecular data support hypotheses of evolutionary relationships
• Identify how phylogenetic trees represent clades, branching order, and common ancestry
• Compare methods and ideas used to infer tree topology and divergence times (parsimony, maximum likelihood, molecular clocks)+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how reproductive isolation leads to speciation through genetic divergence.
• Compare allopatric and sympatric speciation and identify likely causes of each.
• Differentiate prezygotic and postzygotic barriers and predict their effects on gene flow.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain what the center of mass (CM) means as a weighted average of a system’s mass distribution
• Use conservation of momentum and Newton’s laws to predict center-of-mass motion in multi-body situations
• Apply CM ideas to simplify recoil, explosion, and multi-particle trajectory problems

Learning Objectives

• Explain how valence-shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) predicts molecular geometry from bonding and lone-pair electrons.
• Identify common VSEPR shapes (linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, octahedral) and associated ideal bond angles.
• Use geometry and symmetry to reason about molecular polarity and bond-angle trends.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how conservation of mass is demonstrated by balanced chemical equations.
• Balance chemical equations by adjusting stoichiometric coefficients while conserving each element.
• Classify common reaction types (synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, double-displacement, combustion) and link them to balanced forms.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Connect the ideal gas law with mole ratios from balanced equations to solve gas stoichiometry problems under different conditions.
• Use standard and nonstandard conditions to convert between gas volume, pressure, temperature, and amount of gas.
• Apply gas stoichiometry reasoning to Alberta-relevant energy and emissions contexts (e.g., natural gas processing and bitumen recovery).

Learning Objectives

• Determine oxidation states using systematic rules and interpret what the changes mean
• Balance redox equations in acidic and basic media using electron bookkeeping
• Use redox stoichiometry to predict relative product amounts and environmental implications

Learning Objectives

• Explain the role of the equivalence point in titration theory and how stoichiometry connects moles to measured volumes
• Describe how indicator choice (or pH probes) relates to pH changes near equivalence for accurate endpoint detection
• Apply titration relationships to calculate an unknown concentration from titrant concentration and measured titrant volume

Learning Objectives

• Define ionic strength and explain how ion concentration and charge together influence ion activity
• Describe qualitatively how increasing ionic strength affects solubility and chemical equilibria in non-ideal solutions
• Apply ionic strength ideas to real contexts such as saline aquifers and oil-sands process waters in Alberta

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mass percent and volume percent represent solute amount relative to total solution
• Interpret ppm values for trace solutes and describe when ppm is appropriate to use
• Convert between concentration expressions using correct bases and units+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Differentiate between unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions using solubility limits
• Explain dynamic equilibrium between dissolved ions and solid phases
• Predict how temperature changes and disturbances affect precipitation and dissolution

Learning Objectives

• Explain how intermolecular forces, solute/solvent polarity, and temperature affect solubility
• Predict how changes in temperature, pressure, and gas-liquid interactions influence dissolving
• Apply solubility concepts to real-world situations involving natural waters and dissolved oxygen

Learning Objectives

• Write Ksp equilibrium expressions for slightly soluble salts and identify the correct ion concentrations.
• Use qualitative meaning of Ksp to predict how solubility changes for different salts.
• Connect Ksp and the ion product Q to precipitation and scale formation in real water systems.

Learning Objectives

• Use molar concentration to convert between solution volume and moles of solute in aqueous reactions.
• Apply mole-to-mole stoichiometry to predict product amounts from balanced chemical equations.
• Identify and determine the limiting reagent in solution-phase stoichiometry using concentrations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how molarity and balanced reaction stoichiometry combine to determine an unknown concentration during titration.
• Use equivalence-point relationships to set up and solve titration calculations with correct units.
• Interpret how titration results support quality control and reagent standardization in real laboratory settings.